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. 2023 Nov 13:67.
doi: 10.29219/fnr.v67.10290. eCollection 2023.

Thiamin (Vitamin B1) - A scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023

Hanna Sara Strandler  1 , Tor A Strand  2
Affiliations

Thiamin (Vitamin B1) - A scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023

Hanna Sara Strandler et al. Food Nutr Res. .

Abstract

Only a few studies have explored relationships between thiamine intake and function, and a few studies have examined the effects of supplements on various clinical or biochemical outcomes. None of these studies, however, makes a useful contribution to understanding requirements in healthy populations. The requirement of thiamine relates to energy and carbohydrate intake. Clinical signs of deficiency have been observed at intakes below 0.5 mg/day, which corresponds to 0.05 mg/MJ. In other studies, thiamine excretion in the urine and normalisation of enzyme activity were normalised at intakes of 0.07-0.08 mg/MJ. The lower limit of intake thus estimates at 0.05 mg/MJ. It has not been possible to set a safe upper intake level for thiamine due to a lack of data. Studies on pregnant and lactating women indicate a higher requirement as assessed by biochemical parameters. A few studies indicate that thiamine utilisation is impaired among elderly subjects.

Keywords: recommendations; thiamine; vitamin B1; vitamins.

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Conflict of interest statement

None.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Thiamin and thiamin diphosphate (ThDP) structural formulas (16). The active centre of the ThDP is marked with (17, 18).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Role of ThDP-dependent enzymes in cellular metabolism. Thiamin-dependent enzyme is indicated in a green box. BCOADHc, branched-chain 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase complex; HACL1, 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase 1; OADHc, 2-oxoadipate dehydrogenase complex; OGDHc, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex; PDHc, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; TK, transketolase. Used with permission, Bettendorf (2).
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Physiological functions of thiamine in tissues and organs, modified from Manzetti (29).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Physiological fate of thiamine in tissues and organs, modified from Manzetti (29).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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