Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Jun 28;9(4):338-397.
doi: 10.5114/hpr.2021.107336. eCollection 2021.

Coronavirus anxiety, fear of COVID-19, hope and resilience in healthcare workers: a moderated mediation model study

Murat Yıldırım  1   2 , Abdurrahim Güler  1
Affiliations

Coronavirus anxiety, fear of COVID-19, hope and resilience in healthcare workers: a moderated mediation model study

Murat Yıldırım et al. Health Psychol Rep. .

Abstract

Background: In the era of the global health crisis, mental health and well-being of people have been severely affected because of experiencing high levels of anxiety, stress, fear, and uncertainty related to COVID-19. This study investigated a moderated mediation model in which resilience mediated the link between coronavirus anxiety and fear of COVID-19, and this mediation effect was moderated by hope.

Participants and procedure: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 168 healthcare workers (Mage = 29.19 ± 6.13 years and 63.1% women) working at a state hospital in the eastern part of Turkey. They completed measures of coronavirus anxiety, fear of COVID-19, resilience, and hope during COVID-19 pandemic.

Results: The results indicated that resilience mediated the relationship between coronavirus anxiety and fear of COVID-19. Hope moderated the mediating path from coronavirus anxiety to resilience. Coronavirus anxiety had a stronger effect on resilience under the moderate and high levels of hope condition, compared to the low level of hope condition.

Conclusions: The findings suggest that resilience is an important mechanism explaining how coronavirus anxiety is associated with fear of COVID-19 and that this relation may depend on the levels of hope. Future prevention and intervention programs should focus on increasing hope and resilience when addressing mental health problems in the face of adversity.

Keywords: coronavirus anxiety; fear of COVID-19; healthcare workers; hope; resilience.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The proposed model indicating the association between the variables of the study
Figure 2
Figure 2
Simple slope depicting the mediation effect
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Ahorsu, D. K., Lin, C. Y., Imani, V., Saffari, M., Griffiths, M. D., & Pakpour, A. H. (2020). The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development and initial validation. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. American Psychiatric Association (2020, March 25). New poll: COVID-19 impacting mental well-being: Americans feeling anxious, especially for loved ones; older adults are less anxious. Retrieved from https://www.psychiatry.org/newsroom/news-releases/new-poll-covid-19-impa...
    1. Ang, S. Y., Uthaman, T., Ayre, T. C., Mordiffi, S. Z., Ang, E., & Lopez, V. (2018). Association between demographics and resilience: a cross-sectional study among nurses in Singapore. International Nursing Review, 65, 459–466. 10.1111/inr.12441 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Arnau, R. C., Rosen, D. H., Finch, J. F., Rhudy, J. L., & Fortunato, V. J. (2007). Longitudinal effects of hope on depression and anxiety: a latent variable analysis. Journal of Personality, 75, 43–64. 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2006.00432.x - DOI - PubMed
    1. Avey, J. B., Luthans, F., Smith, R. M., & Palmer, N. F. (2010). Impact of positive psychological capital on employee well-being over time. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 15, 17–28. 10.1037/a0016998 - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources