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. 2023 Dec 19;14(6):e0228023.
doi: 10.1128/mbio.02280-23. Epub 2023 Dec 1.

Mucosal antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination and breakthrough infection

Disha Bhavsar #  1   2 , Gagandeep Singh #  1   2 , Kaori Sano #  1   2 , Charles Gleason  1   2 , Komal Srivastava  1   2 ; PARIS Study Group  1   2 ; Juan Manuel Carreno  1   2 , Viviana Simon  1   2   3   4   5 , Florian Krammer  1   2   3
Collaborators, Affiliations

Mucosal antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination and breakthrough infection

Disha Bhavsar et al. mBio. .

Abstract

Antibodies on mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract have been shown to be important for protection from infection with SARS-CoV-2. Here we investigate the induction of serum IgG, saliva IgG, and saliva sIgA after COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccination or breakthrough infections.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; booster vaccination; breakthrough infection; mRNA vaccine; sIgA; saliva; spike.

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Conflict of interest statement

The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai has filed patent applications relating to SARS-CoV-2 serological assays, NDV-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, influenza virus vaccines, and influenza virus therapeutics which list Florian Krammer as co-inventor. Dr. Simon is also listed on the SARS-CoV-2 serological assays patent. Mount Sinai has spun out a company, Kantaro, to market serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 and another company, Castlevax, to develop SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Florian Krammer is a co-founder and scientific advisory board member of Castlevax. Florian Krammer has consulted for Merck, Curevac, Seqirus, and Pfizer and is currently consulting for 3rd Rock Ventures, GSK, Gritstone, and Avimex. The Krammer laboratory is also collaborating with Dynavax on influenza vaccine development.

Figures

FIG 1
FIG 1
Induction of anti-spike serum IgG, saliva IgG, and saliva sIgA after COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccination. Overview of samples (A). Pre- and post-boost serum IgG (B), saliva IgG (C), and saliva sIgA (D) titers in non-infected individuals who received the primary vaccination series. (E) shows fold induction of absolute titers presented in panels A, B, and C. Pre- and post-boost serum IgG (F), saliva IgG (G), and saliva sIgA (H) titers in hybrid immune individuals who received the primary vaccination series. (I) shows fold induction of absolute titers presented in panels A, B, and C. AUC = area under the curve. Statistical analysis in panels A, B, C, E, F, and G was performed using a ratio-paired t test. The red bar in panels D and H indicates the geometric mean, and the error bars indicate the standard deviation of the geometric mean. The dotted lines indicate no induction (1-fold). N = 29–30 for each panel. A “2P” version of the ancestral spike was used for the serum IgG measurements, and the HexaPro version was used for the saliva IgG and sIgA measurements.
FIG 2
FIG 2
Induction of anti-spike serum IgG, saliva IgG, and saliva sIgA after SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections. Overview of samples (A). Pre- and post-breakthrough serum IgG (B), saliva IgG (C), and saliva sIgA (D) titers in individuals who received the primary vaccination series. (E) shows fold induction of absolute titers presented in panels A, B, and C. Pre- and post-breakthrough serum IgG (F), saliva IgG (G), and saliva sIgA (H) titers in individuals who had their breakthrough infections after the booster dose. (I) shows fold induction of absolute titers presented in panels A, B, and C. AUC = area under the curve. Statistical analysis in panels A, B, C, E, F, and G was performed using a ratio-paired t test. The red bar in panels D and H indicates the geometric mean, and the error bars indicate the standard deviation of the geometric mean. The dotted lines indicate no induction (1-fold). N = 17 for panels A, B, C, and D, and N = 32–34 for the remaining panels. A “2P” version of the ancestral spike was used for the serum IgG measurements, and the HexaPro version was used for the saliva IgG and sIgA measurements.
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References

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