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Multicenter Study
. 2024 Jan-Feb;38(1):161-166.
doi: 10.1111/jvim.16972. Epub 2023 Dec 15.

Retrospective evaluation of hematological ratios in canine parvovirosis: 401 cases

Andrea González-Domínguez  1   2 , José Ignacio Cristobal-Verdejo  3 , Clara López-Espinar  4 , Sergio Fontela-González  5 , Sergio Vázquez  6 , Javier Justo-Domínguez  7 , Jonatan González-Caramazana  8 , Mónica Bragado-Cuesta  9 , Alicia Álvarez-Punzano  10 , Vicente J Herrería-Bustillo  1
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Retrospective evaluation of hematological ratios in canine parvovirosis: 401 cases

Andrea González-Domínguez et al. J Vet Intern Med. 2024 Jan-Feb.

Abstract

Background: The utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) as prognostic indicators has not been investigated in canine parvovirosis (CPV).

Hypothesis: To evaluate whether these hematological ratios obtained at hospital admission in CPV are associated with outcome or duration of hospitalization.

Animals: Four hundred one client-owned dogs presented with CPV. Methods-Retrospective multicenter cohort study. Medical records were reviewed to identify dogs with CPV. Data regarding signalment, complete blood count at admission, duration of hospitalization and outcome were collected.

Results: Of the 401 dogs included in the study, 336 (83.8%) survived to discharge. The median (25th and 75th percentiles) PLR in nonsurvivors (336.56 [159.84-635.77]) was significantly higher than in survivors (217.65 [117.67-389.65]) (P = .003). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for nonsurvival was 0.615 (95% CI [0.593-0.691], P = .003). A cut off of 700 showed a 21.5% sensitivity and 90% specificity for nonsurvival. No association was observed between hospitalization duration and either hematological ratios or total WBC counts. The median (25th and 75th percentiles) lymphocyte count was below reference interval in all dogs and was significantly lower in the dogs which died (0.82 × 109 /L [0.5-1.87]) than in survivors (1.27 × 109 /L [0.73-2.22]) (P = .005). The median (25th and 75th percentiles) monocyte count however was lower in survivors (0.38 × 109 /L [0.29-1.59]), than in nonsurvivors (0.73 × 109 /L [0.1-2]) (P = .002).

Conclusions: Evaluation of PLR at hospital admission might be a useful marker of disease severity and could have prognostic value in dogs with CPV.

Keywords: biomarkers; clinical pathology; hematology; microbiology; monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; parvovirus; platelet function; platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; sepsis; vira.

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Conflict of interest statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Flow diagram of case enrollment in the study.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
A Box and Whisker plot showing platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratios (PLR) in survivors compared with nonsurvivor dogs with parvovirosis. A boxplot with minimum, maximum and median is shown. Mild and severe outliers are represented with dots and asterisks, respectively.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
ROC curve of platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio at presentation as predictor of mortality in canine parvovirosis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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