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. 2023 Nov 1;23(6):27.
doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iead114.

Genome-wide analysis and characterization of HSP gene families (HSP20, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90) in the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti) (Diptera: Culicidae)

Murat Turan  1
Affiliations

Genome-wide analysis and characterization of HSP gene families (HSP20, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90) in the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti) (Diptera: Culicidae)

Murat Turan. J Insect Sci. .

Abstract

The heat shock protein (HSP) gene families, present across prokaryotes to eukaryotes, play vital roles in growth, development, and heat resistance processes. While HSP proteins have been identified and characterized in various species, this study achieved the first genome-wide identification and characterization of HSP proteins in the Aedes aegypti genome. This study identified and assessed 80 potential HSP genes in Ae. aegypti. The phylogenetic relationships of HSP genes were investigated in Ae. aegypti, Anopheles stephensi, and Drosophila melanogaster. Additionally, the structural features, chromosomal locations, protein characteristics, 3D structure, protein-protein interactions, and microsatellites associated with HSP proteins were examined in Ae. aegypti. The phylogenetic analysis of HSP gene families revealed distinct intra-group relationships for each HSP group. Each family exhibited relatively conserved genetic structures and motif components. In the expression analysis of growth and development, high expression was observed in certain HSP20 and HSP70 genes, while others exhibited low expression. Notably, sex-dependent expression differences were observed, particularly in HSP20 genes. These findings, the relationships, evolution, and modification of HSP gene families are illuminated by these comprehensive findings, and a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying growth, development, and heat resistance in vector organisms is facilitated.

Keywords: Aedes aegypti; HSP gene family; genome-wide analysis; yellow fever mosquito.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Phylogenetic tree illustrating the relationship of HSP families in Ae. aegypti, A. stephensi, and D. melanogaster.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
The phylogenetic relationships, length, and position of exons and introns in the HSP genes in Ae. aegypti.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Chromosomal distributions of HSP genes in Ae. aegypti. Each HSP gene family is highlighted with a separate color.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.
The conserved motifs of HSP proteins of Ae. aegypti obtained using the MEME Suite.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5.
Protein–protein interactions of HSP genes of Ae. aegypti. Each line represents an interaction, and the increasing number of lines indicates a gene being involved in more interactions.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6.
Heat map of the differentially expressed HSP gene, a) HSP20, b) HSP40, c) HSP60, d) HSP70, e) HSP90, levels of Ae. aegypti.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6.
Heat map of the differentially expressed HSP gene, a) HSP20, b) HSP40, c) HSP60, d) HSP70, e) HSP90, levels of Ae. aegypti.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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