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Review
. 2023 Nov;52(11):2260-2271.
doi: 10.18502/ijph.v52i11.14026.

Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of miR-93 in Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis and Bioinformatics Analysis

Hassane Gazzaz  1   2 , Maha El Habchi  3 , Mohammed El Feniche  4 , Yassine El Aatik  3 , Abdelghani El Ouardi  3 , Ahmed Ameur  5 , Abdellah Dami  1   6
Affiliations
Review

Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of miR-93 in Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis and Bioinformatics Analysis

Hassane Gazzaz et al. Iran J Public Health. 2023 Nov.

Abstract

Background: Accurate and non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic markers are necessary to improve patient outcomes. MicroRNAs have been proposed as relatively non-invasive and pertinent biomarkers. miR-93 has been studied for its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in prostate cancer (PCa), but findings from individual studies are inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis of its overall differential expression in 13 PCa studies and a bioinformatics analysis to provide a comprehensive appraisal of its diagnostic and prognostic role.

Methods: We searched all published papers on miR-93 expression in PCa up to Nov 30, 2022 using PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. We used RevMan software to Meta-analyze the included literature. A bioinformatics analysis of genes and pathways that might be target to the effect of the mature miR-93-5p was carried out.

Results: The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) of miR-93 expression in PCa, its area under the curve (AUC) and hazard ratio (HR) were 1.26, 95% CI [-0.34-2.86], 0.84, 95% CI [0.76 -0.93] and 1.67, 95% CI [0.98, 2.84] respectively. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that mature miR-93-5p may regulate genes such as SMAD1, SMAD7 and MAPK and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathways.

Conclusion: miR-93 has significant diagnostic and prognostic value in PCa. These findings highlight the potential of miR-93 as a non-invasive biomarker for PCa and may contribute to earlier detection and prognostic assessment. The target genes and signaling pathways regulated by miR-93 may provide insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of PCa.

Keywords: Bioinformatics; Expression; Meta-analysis; Prostate; miR-93.

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Figures

Fig. 1:
Fig. 1:
A PRISMA flow diagram of study eligibility and ineligibility process
Fig. 2:
Fig. 2:
Random-effects SMD for the association of miR-93 expression level and PCa
Fig. 3:
Fig. 3:
Forest plot illustrating relationship between miR-93 levels and overall survival (OS) in PCa
Fig. 4:
Fig. 4:
Funnel plot of A) standardized mean difference, B) hazard ratio
Fig. 5:
Fig. 5:
Go enrichment, A) biological process B) cellular component C) molecular function and D) KEGG
Fig. 6:
Fig. 6:
Validation of the miR-93-5p Target Genes, A) SMAD1 expression, B) KM of SMAD1, C) Spearman correlation between SMAD1 and miR-93-5p, D) S:MAD7 expression, E) KM of SMAD7, F) Spearman correlation between SMAD7 and miR-93-5p, G) BMPR2 expression, H) KM of BMPR2, I) Spearman correlation between BMPR2 and miR-93-5p, KM: Kaplan Meier
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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