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. 2022 Oct 20:10:1021.
doi: 10.12688/f1000research.73758.3. eCollection 2021.

Metabolites of Pinang Yaki (Areca vestiaria) Fruit Extract: A Metabolite Profiling Study

Herny Emma Inonta Simbala  1 , Fahrul Nurkolis  2 , Nelly Mayulu  3 , Linda Wilhelma Ancella Rotty  4
Affiliations

Metabolites of Pinang Yaki (Areca vestiaria) Fruit Extract: A Metabolite Profiling Study

Herny Emma Inonta Simbala et al. F1000Res. .

Abstract

Background: Pinang yaki has bioactive compounds that have potential as a new herbal supplement. A better understanding of the bioactive compounds of pinang yaki using untargeted metabolomic profiling studies will provide clearer insight into the health benefits of pinang yaki and in particular its potential for the therapy and prevention of Covid-19. Methods: Fresh samples of pinang yaki ( Areca vestiaria) are obtained from forests in North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Samples were used for untargeted metabolomics analysis by UPLC-MS. Results: Based on an untargeted metabolomic profiling study of pinang yaki, 2504 compounds in ESI- and 2645 compounds in ESI+ were successfully obtained. After the analysis, 356 compounds in ESI- and 543 compounds in ESI+ were identified successfully. Major compounds Alpha-Chlorohydrin (PubChem ID: 7290) and Tagatose (PubChem ID: 439312) were found in ESI+ and ESI-. Discussion: The Top 10 metabolites from pinang yaki extract (ESI+) juga have been indicated in preventing SARS Cov2 infection and have exhibited good neuroprotective immunity. Benzothiazole (PubChem ID: 7222), L-isoleucine (PubChem ID: 6306), D-glucono-delta-lactone (PubChem ID: 736), Diethylpyrocarbonate (PubChem ID: 3051), Bis(2-Ethylhexyl) amine (PubChem ID: 7791), Cinnamic acid (PubChem ID: 444539), and Trigonelline (PubChem ID: 5570) also had potential effects as an antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-Covid19. Conclusion: Untargeted metabolomic profiling showed many bioactive compounds contained in pinang yaki ( Areca vestiaria) extract. The top 10 compounds have been identified and explored for their potential benefits as anti-Covid19 supplement products. This is a preliminary study which still needs further research such as preclinical and clinical trials.

Keywords: Areca vestiaria; Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics; SARS-CoV-2; functional food; medicinal plants; natural-based antivirus; pinang yaki.

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Conflict of interest statement

No competing interests were disclosed.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Total-Ion Current (TIC) was obtained from Pinang Yaki in ESI+ mode.
Based on an untargeted metabolomic profiling study of pinang yaki, 2645 compounds in ESI+ were successfully obtained ( Nurkolis & Simbala, 2021). After the analysis, 543 compounds in ESI+ were successfully identified ( Nurkolis & Simbala, 2021). Figure 1 shows that the major compound was Alpha-chlorohydrin (PubChem ID: 7290).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.. Total-Ion Current (TIC) was obtained from Pinang Yaki in ESI− mode.
In ESI−, a total of 2504 compounds were obtained, and 356 compounds were successfully identified by name (see underlying) ( Nurkolis & Simbala, 2021). Figure 2 shows that the identified major compound was tagatose (PubChem ID: 439312).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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