Surgical Treatment of Gastroparesis

Abstract

Gastroparesis and intestinal dysmotility are life-altering diagnoses with no cure. Lifestyle changes, pharmacological, and surgical interventions are combined in a multidisciplinary fashion to improve the quality of life in this patient population. Starting with lifestyle changes, adjustments are made to the types and amounts of food consumed, medical conditions are optimized, and the use of narcotic pain medications as well as smoking is discontinued. For many, these changes are not enough, and antiemetics and promotility agents are used to control symptoms. Finally, when these measures fail, patients turn to surgery, which can include surgical alterations to the stomach, implantation of a gastric stimulator, placement of drainage tubes, and possibly even the complete removal of different organs, including the stomach or gallbladder. In our clinic, patients not only see a surgeon but also a gastroenterologist, dietitian, and psychologist. We strongly believe in a multidisciplinary approach to this condition. The goal is to provide patients with hope and help them live fuller and happier lives. The study primarily addresses technical considerations and the surgical approach for patients diagnosed with gastroparesis. It outlines the entire process, starting from preparations before the surgery, encompassing the preoperative work-up, and detailing the steps involved in the surgical procedure. One of the key diagnostic challenges faced in treating gastroparesis patients is determining the underlying cause of the condition, as this information is critical for selecting the appropriate surgical intervention. Once the patient's condition has been categorized based on the cause, the medical team engages in a discussion with the patient regarding potential treatment options, which may include endoscopic procedures, minimally invasive techniques, or open surgery.