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Meta-Analysis
. 2023 Dec 18;13(1):22481.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-49998-y.

Prevalence of tuberculosis infection among patients with Takayasu arteritis: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Liping Li  1   2 , Fang Zhou  1   2 , Fen Li  1   2 , Jinwei Chen  1   2 , Xi Xie  3   4
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Prevalence of tuberculosis infection among patients with Takayasu arteritis: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Liping Li et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

To clarify the risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TAK). In this study, we conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, and Medline, from the inception of the Literature Library to May 16, 2023. Using a specific set of keywords, including "Takayasu Arteritis", "Tuberculosis", and "Mycobacterium tuberculosis", the main objective of this search was to identify all relevant observational studies, including case-control studies, cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies, that report the prevalence of TB in individuals diagnosed with TAK. Two independent evaluators rigorously screened the studies, extracted data, and assessed the study quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. Statistical analyses were conducted using R software version 4.3.0, which allowed for the synthesis of prevalence and subgroup analyses. Subgroup analyses were stratified based on quality scores, World Health Organization regional categorizations, and TB categories. Assessment of publication bias was performed using a funnel plot. The study included a total of 30 studies with 5548 participants. The findings showed that individuals with TAK exhibited an average prevalence of TB infection at 31.27% (95% CI 20.48-43.11%). Significantly, the prevalence of TB infection demonstrated notable regional disparities, ranging from 16.93% (95% CI 7.71-28.76%) in the Western Pacific Region to 63.58% (95% CI 35.70-87.66%) in the African Region. Moreover, the study revealed that patients with TAK displayed a high prevalence of latent TB infection (LTBI) at 50.01% (95% CI 31.25-68.77%) and active TB at 14.40% (95% CI 9.03-20.68%). The high heterogeneity observed in the data highlights significant variability in TB infection rates among the populations studied, with the African Region exhibiting the highest rates. The study concludes that there is a high prevalence of TB infection in the TAK population, with regional variations. Consideration should be given to implementing rigorous TB screening measures and preventive interventions specifically tailored for the TAK population.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA flowchart for screening and selection of studies for a meta-analysis of TB among patients with TAK.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot showing the prevalence of Mycobacterium TB infection among TAK patients, with 95% CI.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plot of the subgroup analysis based on WHO regional categories, showing the prevalence of TB infection among TAK patients, with 95% CI.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plot of the subgroup analysis based on TB category, showing the prevalence of TB infection among TAK patients, with 95% CI.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Forest plot of the subgroup analysis based on quality score, showing the prevalence of TB infection among TAK patients, with 95% CI.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Leave-1-out sensitivity analysis of the influence of a single study on the pooled prevalence of TB infection among TAK patients.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Publication bias of studies on the prevalence of TB infection among patients with TAK.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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