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Review
. 2023 Dec 4:10:1268319.
doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1268319. eCollection 2023.

The role of intra- and interdialytic sodium balance and restriction in dialysis therapies

Susie Q Lew  1 , Gulay Asci  2 , Paul A Rootjes  3 , Ercan Ok  2 , Erik L Penne  4 , Ramin Sam  5 , Antonios H Tzamaloukas  6 , Todd S Ing  7 , Jochen G Raimann #  8   9
Affiliations
Review

The role of intra- and interdialytic sodium balance and restriction in dialysis therapies

Susie Q Lew et al. Front Med (Lausanne). .

Abstract

The relationship between sodium, blood pressure and extracellular volume could not be more pronounced or complex than in a dialysis patient. We review the patients' sources of sodium exposure in the form of dietary salt intake, medication administration, and the dialysis treatment itself. In addition, the roles dialysis modalities, hemodialysis types, and dialysis fluid sodium concentration have on blood pressure, intradialytic symptoms, and interdialytic weight gain affect patient outcomes are discussed. We review whether sodium restriction (reduced salt intake), alteration in dialysis fluid sodium concentration and the different dialysis types have any impact on blood pressure, intradialytic symptoms, and interdialytic weight gain.

Keywords: chronic kidney disease; dialysis; diet; extracellular volume; hypertension; salt; sodium.

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Conflict of interest statement

JR is an employee of the Renal Research Institute, a wholly owned subsidiary of Fresenius Medical Care. JR holds stock in Fresenius Medical Care. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision.

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