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. 2023 Dec 12:18:7543-7557.
doi: 10.2147/IJN.S432924. eCollection 2023.

The Effect of Sevoflurane and Fullerenol C 60 on the Liver and Kidney in Lower Extremity Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice with Streptozocin-Induced Diabetes

Necmiye Şengel  1 , Ayşegül Küçük  2 , Çağrı Özdemir  3 , Şaban Cem Sezen  4 , Gülay Kip  5 , Fatma Er  6 , Ali Doğan Dursun  7 , Yücel Polat  8 , Mustafa Kavutçu  6 , Mustafa Arslan  5   9   10
Affiliations

The Effect of Sevoflurane and Fullerenol C 60 on the Liver and Kidney in Lower Extremity Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice with Streptozocin-Induced Diabetes

Necmiye Şengel et al. Int J Nanomedicine. .

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate whether fullerenol C60, sevoflurane anesthesia, or a combination of both had protective effects on the liver and kidneys in lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in mice with streptozocin-induced diabetes.

Methods: A total of 46 Swiss albino mice were divided into six groups as follows: control group (group C, n=7), diabetes group (group D, n=7), diabetes-ischemia/reperfusion (group DIR, n=8), diabetes-ischemia/reperfusion-fullerenol C60 (group DIR-FC60, n=8), diabetes-ischemia/reperfusion-sevoflurane (group DIR-S, n=8), and the diabetes-ischemia/reperfusion-fullerenol C60-sevoflurane (group DIR-S-FC60, n=8). Fullerenol C60 (100mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 30 min before the ischemia-reperfusion procedure to the fullerenol groups (DIR-FC60 and DIR-S-FC60). In the DIR groups, 2 hours (h) ischemia-2h reperfusion periods were performed. In the sevoflurane groups, sevoflurane was applied during the ischemia-reperfusion period with 100% O2. Liver and kidney tissues were removed at the end of the reperfusion procedure for biochemical and histopathological examinations.

Results: In liver tissue, hydropic degeneration, sinusoidal dilatation, pycnotic nuclei, prenecrotic cells, and mononuclear cell infiltration in parenchyma were significantly more frequent in group DIR than in groups D and group C. In terms of the histopathologic criteria examined, more positive results were seen in group DIR-FC60, and when group DIR-FC60 was compared with group DIR, the difference was significant. The best results in AST, ALT, glucose, TBARS levels, and SOD enzyme activities in liver tissue were in group DIR-FC60 compared with group DIR, followed by groups DIR-S-FC60 and DIR-S, respectively. Regarding TBARS levels and SOD enzyme activities in kidney tissue, the best results were in groups DIR-FC60, DIR-S-FC60, and DIR-S, respectively.

Conclusion: According to our findings, it is clear that fullerenol C60 administered intraperitoneally 30 min before ischemia, alone or together with sevoflurane, reduces oxidative stress in distant organ damage caused by lower extremity IRI, and reduces liver and kidney tissue damage in histopathologic examinations.

Keywords: diabetes; fullerenol C60; ischemia-reperfusion; kidney; liver; lower extremity; mice; sevoflurane.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Representative light microscopy of hepatic tissue from the control group. Normal liver tissue. Scale bar 50 µm, H&Ex100.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Representative light microscopy of hepatic tissue from the D group. Scale bar 50 µm, H&Ex100.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Representative light microscopy of hepatic tissue from DIR group. Scale bar 50 µm, H&Ex100.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Representative light microscopy of hepatic tissue from DIR-FC60 group. Scale bar 50 µm, H&Ex100.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Representative light microscopy of hepatic tissue from DIR-S group. Scale bar 50 µm, H&Ex100.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Representative light microscopy of hepatic tissue from DIR-S-FC60 group. Scale bar 50 µm, H&Ex100.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Representative light microscopy of kidney tissue from the control group. Normal kidney tissue. Scale bar 50 µm, H&Ex100.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Representative light microscopy of kidney tissue from the diabetes group. Scale bar 50 µm, H&Ex100.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Representative light microscopy of kidney tissue from DIR group. Scale bar 50 µm, H&Ex100.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Representative light microscopy of kidney tissue from the DIR-FC60 group. Scale bar 50 µm, H&Ex100.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Representative light microscopy of kidney tissue from the DIR-S group. Scale bar 50 µm, H&Ex100.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Representative light microscopy of kidney tissue from the DIR-S-FC60 group. Scale bar 50 µm, H&Ex100.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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