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Observational Study
. 2024 Jun;50(3):905-912.
doi: 10.1007/s00068-023-02392-9. Epub 2023 Dec 20.

Epidemiologic features and outcomes associated with caustic ingestion among adults admitted in intensive care unit from 2013 to 2019: a French national observational study

Benjamin Deniau  1   2   3   4 , Nicolas Boulet  5 , Melissa Pétrier  6 , Myriam Mezzarobba  6 , Maxime Coutrot  7 , Pierre Cattan  8   9 , Helene Corté  9 , François Dépret  7   10   8   11 , Jean-Yves Lefrant  5 , Benoit Plaud  7   10   8   11 , Thierry Boudemaghe  12
Affiliations
Observational Study

Epidemiologic features and outcomes associated with caustic ingestion among adults admitted in intensive care unit from 2013 to 2019: a French national observational study

Benjamin Deniau et al. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2024 Jun.

Abstract

Purpose: Caustic ingestion is a potential life-threatening condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Data on patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for severe caustic ingestion are lacking. We aimed to describing epidemiological features and outcomes of patients admitted to ICU for caustic ingestion in France.

Methods: In a retrospective, observational, and multicenter study, data from the national French Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d'Informations (PMSI) database were analysed from 2013 to 2019. In-hospital mortality rate (primary outcome) and in-ICU complications (secondary outcomes) were reported and analysed.

Results: 569 patients (289 males (50.8%), with median age of 49 years [interquartile (26-62)] were admitted in 65 French ICU for severe caustic ingestion. Five hundred and thirteen patients (90%) were admitted for intentional caustic ingestion. The median length of stay in ICU was 14.0 [4.0-31.0] days. In-hospital mortality occurred in 56 patients (9.8%). In multivariate analysis, age and simplified acute physiology score II were associated with in-hospital mortality age of 40-59 years [OR = 15.3 (2.0-115.3)], age of 60-79 years [OR = 23.6 (3.1-182.5)], and age > 80 years [OR = 37.0 (4.2-328.6)] and SAPS 2 score [OR = 1.0018 (1.003-1.033), p < 0.001]. During ICU stay, 423 complications (74%) were reported in 505 patients (89%). Infectious (244 (42.9%)), respiratory (207 (36.4%)), surgical 62 (10.9%), haemorrhagic (64 (11.2%)) and thrombo-embolic and (35 (6.2%)) complications were the most frequently reported during ICU stay.

Conclusion: ICU admission for severe caustic ingestion is associated with 9.8% mortality and 74% complications. Age > 40 years and SAPS 2 score were independently associated with mortality.

Keywords: Caustic ingestion; Intensive care unit; Mortality; Prognosis; Risk factors.

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