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. 2023 Dec 15;102(50):e36463.
doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036463.

Evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid levels for ALOX5, S100B, DEFA1, and GFAP in infectious meningitis

Ali İrfan Baran  1 , Zübeyir Huyut  2 , Mehmet Reşit Öncü  3 , Halil İbrahim Akbay  2 , Şükrü Akmeşe  4 , Hasan Karsen  5 , Hamit Hakan Alp  2 , Zekiye Hakseven Karaduman  1 , Tayyar Tarcan  6
Affiliations

Evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid levels for ALOX5, S100B, DEFA1, and GFAP in infectious meningitis

Ali İrfan Baran et al. Medicine (Baltimore). .

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to determine how the levels of peptide and protein-based biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid change in bacterial, tuberculous, and aseptic meningitis, and to determine the success of these agents in distinguishing between different types of infectious meningitis.

Methods: The levels of arachidonate-5-lipoxygenase, S100 calcium-binding protein B, defensin-α 1, and glial fibrillary acidic protein in cerebrospinal fluid samples from 20 tuberculosis, 40 bacterial, 25 aseptic meningitis patients, and 55 control groups were measured and compared using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 37.9 ± 14.4 years. The parameter that contributed the most to the differential diagnosis of the infectious meningitis groups was S100 calcium-binding protein B. The S100 calcium-binding protein B levels were significantly higher in the tuberculous meningitis group than in the other groups, and arachidonate-5-lipoxygenase levels were significantly higher in the tuberculous meningitis and bacterial meningitis groups (P < .05).

Conclusion: This study showed that cerebrospinal fluid arachidonate-5-lipoxygenase, and S100 calcium-binding protein B levels may differ in bacterial, aseptic, and tuberculous meningitis, and the results obtained may be quite effective as important potential biomarkers in the differential diagnosis of different types of meningitis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Two-dimensional (A) and three-dimensional (B) PCA score plots of the groups. Aseptic M.: Aseptik meningitis, Bacterial M.: Bacterial Menengitis, Tuberculous M.: Tuberculous Menengitis, Healthy C.: Healthy Control. PCA = Principal Component Analysis.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Two-dimensional and three-dimensional PCA score plots of the groups diagnosed with meningitis. (A) Aseptic meningitis and bacterial meningitis (B) Aseptic meningitis and tuberculous meningitis (C) Bacterial meningitis and tuberculous meningitis. Aseptic M.: Aseptik meningitis, Bacterial M.: Bacterial Menengitis, Tuberculous M.: Tuberculous Menengitis. PCA = Principal Component Analysis.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
VIP score graph of all groups: Their ability to discriminate patients from healthy subjects in descending order of importance. Aseptic M.: Aseptik meningitis, Bacterial M.: Bacterial Menengitis, Tuberculous M.: Tuberculous Menengitis, Healthy C.: Healthy Control.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Heatmap of CSF ALOX5, S100B, DEFA1 and GFAP levels. ALOX5 = Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase, CSF = Cerebrospinal fluid, DEFA1 = Defensin alpha-1, GFAP = Glial fibrillary acidic protein, S100B = S100 calcium-binding protein B. Aseptic M.: Aseptik meningitis, Bacterial M.: Bacterial Menengitis, Tuberculous M.: Tuberculous Menengitis, Healthy C.: Healthy Control.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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