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Review

Monogenic Forms of Diabetes

Maria V. Salguero  1 , Marilyn Arosemena  2 , Toni Pollin  3 , Siri Atma W. Greeley  4 , Rochelle N. Naylor  4 , Lisa Letourneau-Freiberg  5 , Tiana L. Bowden  5 , Diane Wei  6 , Louis H. Philipson  4
Jean M. Lawrence  1 , Sarah Stark Casagrande  2 , William H. Herman  3 , Deborah J. Wexler  4 , William T. Cefalu  5
, editors.
In: Diabetes in America [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK); 2023.
.
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Review

Monogenic Forms of Diabetes

Maria V. Salguero et al.
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Excerpt

Monogenic diabetes is a term used to describe a group of single-gene causes of diabetes. Traditional nomenclature has focused on the types of diabetes known as MODY, defined as maturity-onset diabetes of the young; infantile (or perinatal) onset diabetes, including permanent and transient neonatal diabetes mellitus; and syndromic types. These syndromes include genes associated with insulin resistance, such as the insulin receptor itself. A growing field is also focused on single gene variants that are responsible for multi-autoimmune syndromes that include type 1 diabetes. Altogether, monogenic diabetes may account for up to 3% of all diabetes diagnosed before age 35 years, amounting to an estimated 300,000 cases in the United States. However, a systematic study of incidence and prevalence in the United States has not been done.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors reported no conflicts of interest.

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