Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in samples of Ryugu formed in the interstellar medium

Sarah S Zeichner¹, José C Aponte², Surjyendu Bhattacharjee¹, Guannan Dong¹, Amy E Hofmann^{1

3}, Jason P Dworkin², Daniel P Glavin², Jamie E Elsila², Heather V Graham², Hiroshi Naraoka⁴, Yoshinori Takano⁵, Shogo Tachibana^{6

7}, A. Tyler Karp^{8

9

10}, Kliti Grice¹¹, Alex I Holman¹¹, Katherine H Freeman⁸, Hisayoshi Yurimoto¹², Tomoki Nakamura¹³, Takaaki Noguchi¹⁴, Ryuji Okazaki⁴, Hikaru Yabuta¹⁵, Kanako Sakamoto⁷, Toru Yada⁷, Masahiro Nishimura⁷, Aiko Nakato⁷, Akiko Miyazaki⁷, Kasumi Yogata⁷, Masanao Abe^{7

16}, Tatsuaki Okada^{6

17}, Tomohiro Usui^{6

7}, Makoto Yoshikawa^{7

16}, Takanao Saiki⁷, Satoshi Tanaka^{7

16}, Fuyuto Terui¹⁸, Satoru Nakazawa⁷, Sei-Ichiro Watanabe¹⁹, Yuichi Tsuda⁷, Kenji Hamase²⁰, Kazuhiko Fukushima²¹, Dan Aoki²¹, Minako Hashiguchi¹⁹, Hajime Mita²², Yoshito Chikaraishi²³, Naohiko Ohkouchi⁵, Nanako O Ogawa⁵, Saburo Sakai⁵, Eric T Parker², Hannah L McLain², Francois-Regis Orthous-Daunay²⁴, Véronique Vuitton²⁴, Cédric Wolters²⁴, Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin^{25

26

27}, Norbert Hertkorn^{25

28}, Roland Thissen²⁹, Alexander Ruf^{30

31

32}, Junko Isa^{33

34}, Yasuhiro Oba²³, Toshiki Koga⁵, Toshihiro Yoshimura⁵, Daisuke Araoka³⁵, Haruna Sugahara⁷, Aogu Furusho³⁶, Yoshihiro Furukawa¹³, Junken Aoki³⁷, Kuniyuki Kano³⁷, Shin-Ichiro M Nomura³⁸, Kazunori Sasaki^{39

40}, Hajime Sato⁴⁰, Takaaki Yoshikawa⁴¹, Satoru Tanaka⁴², Mayu Morita⁴², Morihiko Onose⁴², Fumie Kabashima⁴³, Kosuke Fujishima^{33

44}, Tomoya Yamazaki²³, Yuki Kimura²³, John M Eiler¹

Affiliations

¹ Geological and Planetary Science Division, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
² Solar System Exploration Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.
³ Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.
⁴ Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
⁵ Biogeochemistry Research Center, Japanese Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
⁶ Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
⁷ Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
⁸ Department of Geosciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
⁹ Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Environmental, Earth, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
¹¹ Western Australia Organic & Isotope Geochemistry Centre, The Institute for Geoscience Research, School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia.
¹² Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
¹³ Department of Earth Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
¹⁴ Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
¹⁵ Department of Earth and Planetary Systems Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
¹⁶ School of Physical Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama 240-0193, Japan.
¹⁷ Department of Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
¹⁸ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi 243-0292, Japan.
¹⁹ Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
²⁰ Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
²¹ Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
²² Department of Life, Environment and Material Science, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan.
²³ Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0189, Japan.
²⁴ Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 38000 Grenoble, France.
²⁵ Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
²⁶ Technische Universität München, Analytische Lebensmittel Chemie, 85354 Freising, Germany.
²⁷ Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany.
²⁸ Department of Thematic Studies, Environmental Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
²⁹ Institut de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 91405 Orsay, France.
³⁰ Laboratoire de Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moléculaires, Université Aix-Marseille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 13397 Marseille, France.
³¹ Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80799 Munich, Germany.
³² Excellence Cluster Origins, 85748 Garching, Germany.
³³ Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 1528550, Japan.
³⁴ Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan.
³⁵ Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan.
³⁶ Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
³⁷ Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
³⁸ Department of Robotics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
³⁹ Human Metabolome Technologies Inc., Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-0052, Japan.
⁴⁰ Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan.
⁴¹ Horiba Advanced Technologies Co. Ltd., Kisshoin, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8510, Japan.
⁴² Horiba Technology Services Co. Ltd., Kisshoin, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8510, Japan.
⁴³ Laboratory Equipment Corporation Japan, Tokyo 105-0014, Japan.
⁴⁴ Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0882, Japan.

PMID: 38127762
DOI: 10.1126/science.adg6304

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in samples of Ryugu formed in the interstellar medium

Sarah S Zeichner et al. Science. 2023.

. 2023 Dec 22;382(6677):1411-1416.

doi: 10.1126/science.adg6304. Epub 2023 Dec 21.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Geological and Planetary Science Division, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
² Solar System Exploration Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.
³ Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.
⁴ Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
⁵ Biogeochemistry Research Center, Japanese Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
⁶ Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
⁷ Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
⁸ Department of Geosciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
⁹ Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Environmental, Earth, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
¹¹ Western Australia Organic & Isotope Geochemistry Centre, The Institute for Geoscience Research, School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia.
¹² Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
¹³ Department of Earth Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
¹⁴ Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
¹⁵ Department of Earth and Planetary Systems Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
¹⁶ School of Physical Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama 240-0193, Japan.
¹⁷ Department of Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
¹⁸ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi 243-0292, Japan.
¹⁹ Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
²⁰ Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
²¹ Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
²² Department of Life, Environment and Material Science, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan.
²³ Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0189, Japan.
²⁴ Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 38000 Grenoble, France.
²⁵ Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
²⁶ Technische Universität München, Analytische Lebensmittel Chemie, 85354 Freising, Germany.
²⁷ Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany.
²⁸ Department of Thematic Studies, Environmental Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
²⁹ Institut de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 91405 Orsay, France.
³⁰ Laboratoire de Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moléculaires, Université Aix-Marseille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 13397 Marseille, France.
³¹ Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80799 Munich, Germany.
³² Excellence Cluster Origins, 85748 Garching, Germany.
³³ Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 1528550, Japan.
³⁴ Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan.
³⁵ Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan.
³⁶ Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
³⁷ Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
³⁸ Department of Robotics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
³⁹ Human Metabolome Technologies Inc., Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-0052, Japan.
⁴⁰ Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan.
⁴¹ Horiba Advanced Technologies Co. Ltd., Kisshoin, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8510, Japan.
⁴² Horiba Technology Services Co. Ltd., Kisshoin, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8510, Japan.
⁴³ Laboratory Equipment Corporation Japan, Tokyo 105-0014, Japan.
⁴⁴ Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0882, Japan.

PMID: 38127762
DOI: 10.1126/science.adg6304

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contain ≲20% of the carbon in the interstellar medium. They are potentially produced in circumstellar environments (at temperatures ≳1000 kelvin), by reactions within cold (~10 kelvin) interstellar clouds, or by processing of carbon-rich dust grains. We report isotopic properties of PAHs extracted from samples of the asteroid Ryugu and the meteorite Murchison. The doubly-¹³C substituted compositions (Δ2×¹³C values) of the PAHs naphthalene, fluoranthene, and pyrene are 9 to 51‰ higher than values expected for a stochastic distribution of isotopes. The Δ2×¹³C values are higher than expected if the PAHs formed in a circumstellar environment, but consistent with formation in the interstellar medium. By contrast, the PAHs phenanthrene and anthracene in Ryugu samples have Δ2×¹³C values consistent with formation by higher-temperature reactions.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in samples of Ryugu formed in the interstellar medium

Affiliations

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in samples of Ryugu formed in the interstellar medium

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

References

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources