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. 2024 Jan 1;72(Suppl 1):S106-S110.
doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_767_23. Epub 2023 Dec 22.

Safety and efficacy profile of intravitreal ranibizumab vs dexamethasone in treatment of naïve diabetic macular edema

Santosh K Mahapatra  1 , Anjalika Parhi  2 , Pallavi Shree  2 , Anuja Mohanty  1
Affiliations

Safety and efficacy profile of intravitreal ranibizumab vs dexamethasone in treatment of naïve diabetic macular edema

Santosh K Mahapatra et al. Indian J Ophthalmol. .

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy parameters of intravitreal ranibizumab vs intravitreal dexamethasone (IVD) in the treatment of patients with naïve diabetic macular edema (DME) in terms of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and possible complications like intraocular pressure (IOP) rise and cataract progression.

Methods: A hospital-based prospective and comparative study of naïve DME patients was conducted between November 2020 and October 2021 with a minimum follow-up (F/U) period of 6 months. Thirty phakic patients received one dose of IVD implant (Group A) and the other 30 (Group B) received three consecutive monthly doses of ranibizumab. The main exclusion criteria were steroid responders and the presence of ocular inflammation.

Results: The mean pre-injection CMT in Group A was 405µ and reduced to 297.07µ at 3 months and 278.35µ at 6 months. Mean increase in logMAR BCVA was 0.55. The mean pre-injection IOP was 16.28 and 17.64 mm of Hg at 6 months. In Group B, the mean pre-injection CMT was 401.07µ and reduced to 276.1µ at 3 months and 292.9µ at 6 months. Mean BCVA increased to 0.37. The mean pre-injection IOP was 17.28 mm Hg and 16.42 mm Hg at 6 months. There was no significant progression of cataract in both groups.

Conclusion: The mean decrease in CMT was comparable in both the groups at 6 months F/U with an improvement of BCVA with no significant IOP fluctuation or cataract progression. Hence, IVD appears to be noninferior to ranibizumab in the treatment of naïve DME.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Representative case of Group A showing fundus photograph (a), pre-injection (b), post-injection at 3 months (c), and post-injection at 6 months (d)
Figure 2
Figure 2
Representative case of Group B showing fundus photograph (a), pre-injection (b), post-injection at 3 months (c), and post-injection at 6 months (d)
Figure 3
Figure 3
CMT on OCT over different follow-ups
Figure 4
Figure 4
IOP over different follow-ups
Figure 5
Figure 5
Vision in logMAR units in both groups
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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