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Review
. 2023 Dec 18;11(24):3192.
doi: 10.3390/healthcare11243192.

Instruments of Child-to-Parent Violence: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Luis Burgos-Benavides  1 , M Carmen Cano-Lozano  2 , Andrés Ramírez  1   3 , Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Díaz  1
Affiliations
Review

Instruments of Child-to-Parent Violence: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Luis Burgos-Benavides et al. Healthcare (Basel). .

Abstract

This systematic review and reliability generalization meta-analysis synthesized psychometric literature on instrumentation assessing child-to-parent violence published through September 2023 across four databases. In the screening, we identified studies reporting Cronbach's alpha internal consistency estimates for the child-to-parent violence scales. The eligible reliability coefficients ranged from 0.610 to 0.930, mostly exceeding the minimum threshold of 0.700. Random-effects models calculated pooled Cronbach's alphas separately for global, father-specific, and mother-specific subscales. The results demonstrated cumulative values of 0.83 (global: standard error = 0.0129), 0.800 (fathers: standard error = 0.0203), and 0.81 (mothers: standard error = 0.0179), denoting largely adequate reliability. However, significant between-study heterogeneity was observed. While the mean alpha levels seem acceptable for most tools, substantial variability coupled with the possibility of some studies violating reliability assumptions indicates that a conservative interpretation is warranted. Ongoing scale refinement and additional psychometric evaluations will strengthen the rigor methodology in this developing research domain. However, these results should be interpreted with caution, as there is a high level of heterogeneity, and it is possible that some studies have not verified the assumptions underlying Cronbach's alpha.

Keywords: adolescents; child-to-parent violence; meta-analysis; reliability; reliability generalization; youth.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of the new systematic reviews. * Corresponds to the sum of all the records found in the information bases.; ** The records excluded without taking into account those duplicated by the criteria of a systematic review and other topics the study.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot of the reliability coefficients in the articles that reported Cronbach’s alpha globally (n = 17) [7,15,26,27,28,30,31,33,34,35,36,39,40].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plot of the reliability coefficients in the selected studies that presented the Cronbach’s alpha of fathers (n = 12) [42,43,44,45,46,47,48,50,52,54].
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plot of the reliability coefficients in the selected studies that presented Cronbach’s alpha of the mothers (n = 12) [42,43,44,45,46,47,48,50,52,54].
Figure 5
Figure 5
Funnel plot of all studies selected for meta-analysis of Cronbach’s alpha coefficient.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Forest plot of comparative fit index (CFI) (n = 20) [15,30,31,33,38,39,42,43,45,46,48,50,52].
Figure 7
Figure 7
Funnel plot of all studies selected for the meta-analysis of comparative fit index (CFI) and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Forest plot of the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) (n = 20) [15,30,31,33,38,39,42,43,45,46,48,50,52].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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