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. 2023 Dec 22;11(6):e2300094.
doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00094. Print 2023 Dec 22.

Strengthening the Diagnosis and Treatment of Malnutrition Through Increased Nurse Involvement: A Quality Improvement Project From Pediatric Wards in Mozambique

Delfina Moçambique  1 , Andreas Schindele  2 , Osvaldo Loquiha  3 , Sónia Martins  1 , Monica Sequene  4 , Amir Seni  4 , Eugénia Macassa  1 , Lara Samuel  3 , Custódio Mondlane  3 , Alex Vilanculo  4 , Matias Epifanio  5 , W Chris Buck  1   6
Affiliations

Strengthening the Diagnosis and Treatment of Malnutrition Through Increased Nurse Involvement: A Quality Improvement Project From Pediatric Wards in Mozambique

Delfina Moçambique et al. Glob Health Sci Pract. .

Abstract

Background: Childhood acute malnutrition continues to be a serious health problem in many low-resource settings in Africa. On pediatric wards in Mozambique, missed opportunities for timely diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition may lead to poor health outcomes. To improve inpatient nutritional care, a quality improvement (QI) project was implemented that aimed to engage pediatric nurses in inpatient malnutrition diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: In 2 Mozambican referral hospitals, for 6 months, the Plan-Do-Study-Act framework for QI was implemented to identify key drivers of the following measures: having complete anthropometric evaluation documented at admission, 3 or more weight measurements per hospitalization week, documentation of nutritional therapy for eligible patients, and documentation of referral for outpatient nutritional rehabilitation after discharge. Clinical data were abstracted from hospital charts and entered into an EpiInfo database, including a 3-month observation period after the project, and analyzed retrospectively.

Results: A total of 2,208 children from wards other than malnutrition were included in the analysis. Complete anthropometric evaluation at admission improved from 24.4% 2 months before the QI project to 80.1% during and 75.2% in the 3 months after the project (P<.001). The percentage of patients with 3 or more weight measurements per hospitalization week rose from 22.3% to 82.8% during and 75.0% after the project (P<.001). Documentation of nutritional therapy increased from 58.8% before to 67.1% during and 70.6% after the project (P=.54), and documentation of referral for outpatient nutritional rehabilitation after discharge decreased from 55.9% to 54.9% during and increased to 70.6% after the project, (P<.001).

Conclusion: Nurse engagement may lead to important advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of acute malnutrition in pediatric wards other than malnutrition in Mozambique. Task-sharing, particularly nurse engagement, in combination with QI methodology, may be considered for wards in similar settings with a high burden of malnutrition.

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Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Timeline of the Quality Improvement Project to Improve Nutritional Outcomes on Pediatric Wards in 2 Referral Hospitals, Mozambique Abbreviations: HCM, Hospital Central de Maputo; PDSA, Plan-Do-Study-Act; QI, quality improvement.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Key Drivers Influencing Process Measures and Outcome Measures of the Plan-Do-Study-Act Cycles in 2 Referral Hospitals, Mozambique
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Evolution of Process Measures During Quality Improvement Project Phases in 2 Referral Hospitals, Mozambique a Defined as weight, length/height, mid-upper arm circumference, and either weight for length/height or body mass index z-scores, documented within 24 hours after admission during workdays, and within 72 hours for weekend admissions.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Evolution of Outcome Measures During Quality Improvement Project Phases in 2 Referral Hospitals, Mozambique
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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