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Review
. 2023 Dec 5;15(24):5014.
doi: 10.3390/nu15245014.

Effects of Isoflavonoid and Vitamin D Synergism on Bone Mineral Density-A Systematic and Critical Review

Miłosz Miedziaszczyk  1 , Adam Maciejewski  2 , Ilona Idasiak-Piechocka  1 , Marek Karczewski  1 , Katarzyna Lacka  2
Affiliations
Review

Effects of Isoflavonoid and Vitamin D Synergism on Bone Mineral Density-A Systematic and Critical Review

Miłosz Miedziaszczyk et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Phytoestrogens are non-steroidal plant compounds, which bind to α and β estrogen receptors, thereby causing specific effects. The best-known group of phytoestrogens are flavonoids, including isoflavonoids-genistein and daidzein. They play a role in the metabolism of bone tissue, improving its density and preventing bone loss, which contributes to reducing the risk of fractures. Vitamin D is found in the form of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) and ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) and is traditionally recognized as a regulator of bone metabolism. The aim of this review was to evaluate the synergistic effect of isoflavonoids and vitamin D on bone mineral density (BMD). The MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus and Cochrane databases were searched independently by two authors. The search strategy included controlled vocabulary and keywords. Reference publications did not provide consistent data regarding the synergistic effect of isoflavonoids on BMD. Some studies demonstrated a positive synergistic effect of these compounds, whereas in others, the authors did not observe any significant differences. Therefore, further research on the synergism of isoflavonoids and vitamin D may contribute to a significant progress in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Keywords: bone mineral density; isoflavonoids; phytoestrogens; vitamin D.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA Chart for the systematic review.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The classification of phytoestrogens.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Impact of vitamin D on bone mineral density—a graphic representation.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Proposed mechanisms of the synergistic effects of isoflavonoids and vitamin D [12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,96].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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