Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Apr;21(4):e14542.
doi: 10.1111/iwj.14542. Epub 2023 Dec 22.

A meta-analysis of the risk factors for neurosurgical surgical site infection following craniotomy

Dechao Sun  1 , Zhuang Ma  1 , Yadong Geng  1 , Chenxu Kong  1 , Zhenjiang Li  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

A meta-analysis of the risk factors for neurosurgical surgical site infection following craniotomy

Dechao Sun et al. Int Wound J. 2024 Apr.

Retraction in

Abstract

The purpose of the meta-analysis was to evaluate and compare the risk factors for neurosurgical surgical site infection (SSI) after craniotomy. Using dichotomous or contentious random or fixed effect models, the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed based on the examination of the meta-analysis results. Eighteen analyses, covering 11 068 craniotomies between 2001 and 2023, were included in the current meta-analysis. Subjects with SSIs had a significantly younger age (MD, -2.49; 95% CI, -2.95 to -2.04, p < 0.001), longer operation duration (MD, 10.21; 95% CI, 6.49-13.94, p < 0.001) and longer length of postoperative hospital stay (MD, 1.52; 95% CI, 0.45-2.60, p = 0.006) compared to subjects with no SSI with craniotomy. However, no significant difference was found between craniotomy subjects with SSIs and with no SSI in gender (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.76-1.07, p = 0.23), and combination with other infection (OR, 3.93; 95% CI, 0.28-56.01, p = 0.31). The data that were looked at showed that younger age, longer operation duration and longer length of postoperative hospital stay can be considered as risk factors of SSI in subjects with craniotomy; however, gender and combination with other infections are not. Nonetheless, consideration should be given to their values because several studies only involved a small number of patients, and there are not many studies available for some comparisons.

Keywords: craniotomy; length of postoperative hospital stay; operation duration; risk factor; surgical site infection.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Schematic diagram of the examination procedure.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
The effect of forest plot of the age on SSI in craniotomy subjects.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
The effect of forest plot of the operation duration on SSI in craniotomy subjects.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
The effect of forest plot of the length of postoperative hospital stay on SSI in craniotomy subjects.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
The effect of forest plot of the female gender on infection SSI in craniotomy subjects.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
The effect of forest plot in combination with other infections on SSI in craniotomy subjects.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Edwards JR, Peterson KD, Mu Y, et al. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) report: data summary for 2006 through 2008, issued December 2009. Am J Infect Control. 2009;37(10):783‐805. - PubMed
    1. Plowman R. The socioeconomic burden of hospital acquired infection. Eurosurveillance. 2000;5(4):49‐50. - PubMed
    1. Johans SJ, Burkett DJ, Swong KN, Patel CR, Germanwala AV. Antibiotic prophylaxis and infection prevention for endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery: our protocol, results, and review of the literature. J Clin Neurosci. 2018;47:249‐253. - PubMed
    1. Agarwal A, Borkar SA, Kapil A, et al. Follow‐up study on the effect of risk‐stratified, protocol‐based perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis on postoperative infections in a tertiary care neurosurgical department over 10 years (2007–2016). Ind J Neurosurg. 2018;7(1):29‐35.
    1. Chiang H‐Y, Kamath AS, Pottinger JM, et al. Risk factors and outcomes associated with surgical site infections after craniotomy or craniectomy. J Neurosurg. 2014;120(2):509‐521. - PubMed

MeSH terms