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. 2024 Apr;51(4):368-379.
doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13937. Epub 2023 Dec 23.

Cross-sectional association between severe periodontitis and diabetes mellitus: A nation-wide cohort study

Eduardo Montero  1   2 , Rocío Bujaldón  1 , Eduard Montanya  3   4   5 , Alfonso L Calle-Pascual  6   7 , Gemma Rojo-Martínez  4   8 , Luis Castaño  4   9   10 , Josep Franch-Nadal  4   11 , Elías Delgado  12   13 , Felipe Chaves  4   14 , Bettina Alonso  1 , Mariano Sanz  1 , David Herrera  1   2
Affiliations

Cross-sectional association between severe periodontitis and diabetes mellitus: A nation-wide cohort study

Eduardo Montero et al. J Clin Periodontol. 2024 Apr.

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the cross-sectional association between severe periodontitis and diabetes mellitus (DM), in a representative sample of Spanish population.

Materials and methods: The di@bet.es epidemiological study is a population-based cohort study aimed to determine the prevalence and incidence of DM in the adult population of Spain. The at-risk sample at the final examination (2016-2017) included 1751 subjects who completed an oral health questionnaire. This questionnaire, together with demographic and risk factors, had been previously validated to build an algorithm to predict severe periodontitis in the Spanish population. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between severe periodontitis and DM with adjustment for confounding factors.

Results: In total, 144 subjects developed DM, which yielded 8.2% cumulative incidence. Severe periodontitis was detected in 59.0%, 54.7% or 68.8% of the subjects depending on three different selected criteria at the 2016-2017 exam. All criteria used to define severe periodontitis were associated with DM in unadjusted analysis, but the magnitude of the association decreased after adjusting for significant confounders. The criteria '≥50% of teeth with clinical attachment loss ≥5 mm' presented an odds ratio of 4.9 (95% confidence interval: 2.2-10.7; p ≤ .001) for DM.

Conclusions: Severe periodontitis is associated with DM in the Spanish population.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus; epidemiology; periodontitis; risk factor.

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Comment in

  • Severe periodontitis and diabetes.
    Wadia R. Wadia R. Br Dent J. 2024 Jan;236(2):109. doi: 10.1038/s41415-024-6773-5. Br Dent J. 2024. PMID: 38278905 No abstract available.
  • Diabetes and periodontitis.
    Michalowicz BS, Pihlstrom BL, Hodges JS. Michalowicz BS, et al. J Clin Periodontol. 2024 Sep;51(9):1252-1253. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.14004. Epub 2024 May 30. J Clin Periodontol. 2024. PMID: 38815663 No abstract available.

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