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. 2024 Jan 1;64(1):21-33.
doi: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000510. Epub 2023 Dec 26.

AMD and Stem Cell-Based Therapies

Joseph C Giacalone, David H Parkinson, Daniel A Balikov, Rajesh C Rao

AMD and Stem Cell-Based Therapies

Joseph C Giacalone et al. Int Ophthalmol Clin. .

Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a prevalent and complex disease leading to severe vision loss. Stem cells offer promising prospects for AMD treatment as they can be differentiated into critical retinal cell types that could replace lost host retinal cells or provide trophic support to promote host retinal cell survival. However, challenges such as immune rejection, concerns regarding tumorigenicity, and genomic integrity must be addressed. Clinical trials with stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells have shown preliminary safety in treating dry AMD, but improvements in manufacturing and surgical techniques cell delivery are needed. Late-stage AMD poses additional hurdles, possibly requiring multi-layered grafts. Advancements in automation technologies and gene correction strategies show potential to enhance iPSC-based therapies. Stem cell-based treatments offer hope for AMD management, but further research and optimization are essential for successful clinical implementation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

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