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. 2024 Mar-Apr;41(2):287-296.
doi: 10.1111/phn.13276. Epub 2023 Dec 26.

Historic redlining and health outcomes: A systematic review

Noa T Kraus  1 , Sarah Connor  1 , Krista Shoda  1 , Scott Emory Moore  1 , Elliane Irani  1
Affiliations

Historic redlining and health outcomes: A systematic review

Noa T Kraus et al. Public Health Nurs. 2024 Mar-Apr.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the existing literature on the associations between historic redlining and modern-day health outcomes across the lifespan.

Method: This review searched PubMed and CINAHL for peer-reviewed, data-based articles examining the relationship between historic redlining and any health outcome. Articles were appraised using the JBI critical appraisal checklist. The results were synthesized using a narrative summary approach.

Results: Thirty-six articles were included and focused on various health outcomes, including cardiovascular outcomes, breast cancer incidence and mortality, firearm injury or death, birth-related outcomes, and asthma outcomes. Most of the included articles (n = 31; 86%) found significant associations between historic redlining and adverse health outcomes such as increased cardiovascular disease, higher rates of preterm births, increased cancer incidence, reduced survival time after breast cancer diagnosis, and increased firearm injury incidence.

Discussion: This review demonstrates the persistent effect of historic redlining on individuals' health. Public health nurses should recognize redlining as a form of structural racism when caring for affected communities and should advocate for policies and programs that advance health equity. Nurse researchers should develop and test multilevel interventions to address systemic racism and improve health outcomes in communities affected by redlining.

Keywords: health; health equity; healthcare disparities; neighborhood characteristics; racism; systemic racism.

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References

REFERENCES

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