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. 2023 Nov;16(11):2186-2191.
doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.2186-2191. Epub 2023 Nov 1.

Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of Vitex agnus-castus extract on cisplatin-induced hematotoxicity in female Wistar rats

Aparna Tripathy  1 , Archana Parampalli Raghavendra  1 , Babi Dutta  2 , Sudarshan Surendran  3
Affiliations

Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of Vitex agnus-castus extract on cisplatin-induced hematotoxicity in female Wistar rats

Aparna Tripathy et al. Vet World. 2023 Nov.

Abstract

Background and aim: Cisplatin (CP) is a preferred drug for cancer treatment but it has dose-dependent side effects. Vitex agnus-castus (VAC) berry extract has antioxidant, free-radical scavenging, and anti-inflammatory activities. This study explored the mitigating effects of VAC extract (VACE) on acute hematotoxicity induced by CP in female Wistar rats.

Materials and methods: Female Wistar rats (n = 30) were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6/group). The normal control (NC) group received no treatment. The CP control group received CP (7 mg/kg.b.w. ip, single dose) and the drug control group (VACE-650) received VACE (650 mg/kg b.w. oral, daily) for 7 days. Both groups received a single dose of CP (7 mg/kg b.w. ip), followed by 350 and 650 mg/kg.b.w. of VACE daily orally (CPVACE-350 and CPVACE-650 groups, respectively) for 7 days.

Results: After a single dose of CP (7 mg/kg b.w.), the red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), white blood cells (WBC), and platelets significantly decreased. In the VAC-350 group, the reduction in total WBC count was less than that in the VAC-650 group on the 3rd day. The RBC and HCT values of the VACE groups were better than that of the CP control, but the VACE-350 treatment group showed significant improvement only on the 3rd day.

Conclusion: Our findings showed that VACE can mitigate CP-induced damage to peripheral blood cells at lower doses.

Keywords: Vitex agnus-castus; cisplatin; hematotoxicity; rats.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure-1
Figure-1
Schematic representation of cisplatin and VACE treatment and sample collection time points (VACE-350: Vitex agnus-castus extract 350 mg/kg.b.w, VACE-650: Vitex agnus-castus extract 650 mg/kg.b.w). VAC=Vitex agnus-castus, CBC=Complete blood count.
Figure-2
Figure-2
Changes in the mean white blood cells in controls and experimental groups at different time points (Mean values and error bars of ± 2 SE) (n = 6). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 comparison with day 0/normal control, #p < 0.05 comparison to cisplatin control, a – Repeated measure analysis of variance values in individual groups on different time points. b – One-way analysis of variance values comparing among different groups. SE=Standard error, NC=Normal control, CP=Cisplatin, VACE=Vitex agnus-castus extract.
Figure-3
Figure-3
Changes in the mean red blood cells in controls and experimental groups at different time points (Mean values and error bars of ± 2 SE) (n = 6). **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 comparison with day 0/normal control. #p < 0.05 comparison to cisplatin control. a – Repeated measure analysis of variance values in individual groups on different time points. b – One-way analysis of variance values comparing among different groups. SE=Standard error, NC=Normal control, CP=Cisplatin, VACE=Vitex agnus-castus extract.
Figure-4
Figure-4
Changes in the mean hematocrit values (%) in controls and experimental groups at different time points (Mean values and error bars of ± 2 SE) (n = 6). **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 comparison with day 0/normal control. ###p < 0.001 comparison to cisplatin control. a – Repeated measure analysis of variance values in individual groups on different time points. b – One-way analysis of variance values comparing among different groups. SE=Standard error, NC=Normal control, CP=Cisplatin, VACE=Vitex agnus-castus extract.
Figure-5
Figure-5
Changes in the mean platelet values in controls and experimental groups at different time points (mean values and error bars of ± 2 SE) (n = 6). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 comparison with day 0/normal control. a – Repeated measure analysis of variance values in individual groups on different time points. b – One-way analysis of variance values comparing among different groups. SE=Standard error, NC=Normal control, CP=Cisplatin, VACE=Vitex agnus-castus extract.
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