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. 2023 Dec 28;13(1):23100.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-50187-0.

Growth and developmental outcomes of infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

Joonsik Park  1 , Sook Hyun Park  1 , Chloe Kim  1 , So Jin Yoon  1 , Joo Hee Lim  1 , Jung Ho Han  1 , Jeong Eun Shin  1 , Ho Seon Eun  1 , Min Soo Park  1 , Soon Min Lee  2
Affiliations

Growth and developmental outcomes of infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

Joonsik Park et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Despite advances in obstetric care, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains a significant disease burden. We determined the national trends of HIE prevalence, therapeutic hypothermia (TH) use, mortality, and outcomes from 2012 to 2019. This study included term infants diagnosed with HIE between 2012 and 2019 from the National Health Insurance Service database. The prevalence of HIE was 2.4 per 1000 births without significant change during the period. TH was performed in approximately 6.7% of infants with HIE, and the annual variation ranged from 2.4 to 12.5%. The mortality among all term infants with HIE was 4.6%. The mortality rate among infants with HIE and TH significantly declined from 40 to 16.9% during the eight years. Infants with TH had higher mortality, increased use of inhaled nitric oxide, and more invasive ventilator use, indicating greater disease severity in the TH group. Infants with TH also showed significantly poorer outcomes, including delayed development, cerebral palsy, sensorineural hearing loss, and seizure, compared to infants without TH (p < 0.0001). With the increasing application of TH, mortality and developmental outcomes among infants with HIE have been improving in the past eight years in Korea. Further efforts to improve outcomes should be needed.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Incidence of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and the use of therapeutic hypothermia (a) and mortality (b) from 2012 to 2019. HIE hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, TH therapeutic hypothermia.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Comparisons of growth and developmental outcomes between Infants with and without therapeutic hypothermia. (a) Weight below10 percentile. (b) Height below 10 percentile. (c) Head circumference below 10 percentile. (d) The abnormal developmental screening outcome using the Korean Developmental Screening Test.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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