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Case Reports
. 2023 Nov 30;15(11):e49736.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.49736. eCollection 2023 Nov.

Navigating the Storm: Managing Fetal and Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) in a High-Risk Pregnancy

Ekaterina Proskuriakova  1 , Shikha Upreti  2 , Joshua Wortsman  1 , Bashar Alkhaurri  1 , Jacob Rosendale  3 , Mohammed Kassem  4 , Pam Khosla  4
Affiliations
Case Reports

Navigating the Storm: Managing Fetal and Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) in a High-Risk Pregnancy

Ekaterina Proskuriakova et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is a rare, life-threatening condition causing significant thrombocytopenia and bleeding with the risk of developing intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). It results from maternal immunizations against fetal platelet antigens. Here, we report a case of a pregnant patient at 30 weeks gestation who presented to the hospital with a low platelet count of 90 th/mm3 and was found to have anti-human platelet antigen (HPA) 1a, 2b antibodies. She was treated with a weekly infusion of IV immunoglobulins. However, her condition was complicated by the development of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome, which was treated promptly with a platelet transfusion and intravenous magnesium. Even though the child had severe thrombocytopenia and its associated complications, there were no signs of post-delivery thrombocytopenia or any other adverse effects. This case report highlights the importance of the antenatal management of the FNAIT to prevent severe fetal complications, such as ICH.

Keywords: case report; maternal alloimmunization; neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia; pregnancy; thrombocytopenia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. The trend of the platelets
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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