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. 2023 Dec 14:14:1274684.
doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1274684. eCollection 2023.

Effects of exogenous plant regulators on growth and development of "Kyoho" grape under salt alkali stress

Maoxiang Zhao #  1   2 , Jiajia Li #  1 , Xiangneng Shi  1   3 , M Sanaullah Malik  1 , Yi Quan  1 , Dinghan Guo  1 , Lei Wang  1 , Shiping Wang  1
Affiliations

Effects of exogenous plant regulators on growth and development of "Kyoho" grape under salt alkali stress

Maoxiang Zhao et al. Front Plant Sci. .

Abstract

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses besides drought and cold stress. The application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) is an effective method to mitigate yield losses caused by salinity. However, we investigated the effects of exogenous regulatory substances (γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), salicylic acid (SA), and brassinolide (BR) on the growth and development of "Kyoho" grapevine under salt stress. The results showed that exogenous regulators GABA, SA, and BR alleviated the inhibition of grape growth by saline stress and regulated the effects of salinity stress on grape fruit development and quality. All three regulators significantly increased fruit set, cross-sectional diameter, weight per unit, and anthocyanin content. In conclusion, this study provides a theoretical basis for grape production practices by using exogenous aminobutyric acid (GABA), salicylic acid (SA), and brassinolide (BR) to mitigate the hazards of salinity stress.

Keywords: brassinolide; fruit quality; grapevine growth; salicylic acid; salt alkali stress; γ-aminobutyric acid.

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Conflict of interest statement

Author XS was employed by company Sinochem Agriculture Holdings. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Salinity stress on soil physicochemical properties. (A) Soil salt content. (B) Soil pH. (C) Soil pH.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effects of plant regulators on the leaf phenotype of grapevines under saline-alkali stress. (A) Leaf phenotype. (B) Shoot length. (C) Shoot diameter. Significant differences among samples have been displayed by a-e letters (one-way ANOVA, P<0.05). Error bars = ± SE (n≥3).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effects of plant regulators on the net photosynthetic rate of grapevine leaves under saline-alkali stress. (A) Net photosynthetic rate. (B) Intercellular CO2 concentration. (C) Stomatal conductance. (D) Transpiration rate. Significant differences among samples have been displayed by a-e letters (one-way ANOVA, P<0.05). Error bars = ± SE (n≥3).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Effects of plant regulators on light response curves of grapevine leaves under salt alkali stress. (A-F), respectively, represents the light response curves of saline-alkali stress treatment on days 0th, 21st, 35th, 49th, 63rd, and 84rd).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Effects of plant regulators on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of grapevine leaves under salt alkali stress. (A) F0. (B) Fv/Fm. (C) Fm. (D) Fv/F0. Significant differences among samples have been displayed by a-e letters (one-way ANOVA, P<0.05). Error bars = ± SE (n≥3).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Effects of plant regulators on antioxidant enzymes of grapevine leaves under saline-alkali stress. (A) Berry phenotype. (B) Relative conductivity. (C) Relative water content. (D) POD. (E) SOD. (F) CAT. Significant differences among samples have been displayed by a-e letters (one-way ANOVA, P<0.05). Error bars = ± SE (n≥3).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Effects of plant regulators on fruit quality of grapevine leaves under saline-alkali stress. (A) Fruit setting rate. (B) Traverse diameter of berry. (C) Longitudinal diameter of berry. (D) Growth period. (E) TSS. (F) TA. (G) Sugar acid rate. (H) Berry firmness. (I) Anthocyanin content. Significant differences among samples have been displayed by a-e letters (one-way ANOVA, P<0.05). Error bars = ± SE (n≥3).
Figure 8
Figure 8
The correlation analysis among different plant growth regulators (γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), salicylic acid (SA), and brassinolide (BR)), leaf photosynthetic index and berry quality-related parameters.
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