Magnitude and Factors Associated with Gestational Weight Gain Adequacy among Pregnant Women in South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia

doi:10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.102031

. 2023 Nov 14;7(12):102031.

doi: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.102031. eCollection 2023 Dec.

Magnitude and Factors Associated with Gestational Weight Gain Adequacy among Pregnant Women in South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia

Melaku Tadege Engidaw^{1

2}, Alemayehu Digssie Gebremariam¹, Bedilu Abebe Abate¹, Desalegn Tesfa¹, Sofonyas Abebaw Tiruneh¹, Yenehun Addisu³, Yismaw Yimam Belachew³

Affiliations

¹ Public Health Department, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
² Public Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
³ Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.

PMID: 38162997
PMCID: PMC10756953
DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.102031

Magnitude and Factors Associated with Gestational Weight Gain Adequacy among Pregnant Women in South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia

Melaku Tadege Engidaw et al. Curr Dev Nutr. 2023.

. 2023 Nov 14;7(12):102031.

doi: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.102031. eCollection 2023 Dec.

Authors

Melaku Tadege Engidaw^{1

2}, Alemayehu Digssie Gebremariam¹, Bedilu Abebe Abate¹, Desalegn Tesfa¹, Sofonyas Abebaw Tiruneh¹, Yenehun Addisu³, Yismaw Yimam Belachew³

Affiliations

¹ Public Health Department, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
² Public Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
³ Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.

PMID: 38162997
PMCID: PMC10756953
DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.102031

Abstract

Background: Weight gain during pregnancy depends on the maternal prepregnancy weight and height. Inappropriate weight gain has negative consequences, including the health care system and society because of its adverse birth outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the magnitude and factors associated with gestational weight gain in Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods: From September 2018 to June 2019, a community-based prospective follow-up study was conducted in Northwest Ethiopia. A total of 422 pregnant women were followed from conception to delivery and the data were collected using a multistage sampling technique. Stata 14 standard edition (SE) software was used for data analysis. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between dependent and independent variables. P value of ≤0.05 was used to determine statistical significance.

Results: Majority of the participants had normal weight gain [65.12%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 60.08, 69.85]. Besides this, the rate of inadequate and overadequate weight gain was 21.53% (95% CI: 17.60, 26.05) and 13.35% (95% CI: 10.22, 17.25), respectively. Inadequate weight gain was linked to meal frequency [adjusted odd ratio (AOR): 0.52, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.97], targeted supplementary feeding program (TSFP) enrollment (AOR: 2.47; 95% CI: 1.35, 4.50), parity (AOR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.62), and alcohol consumption history (AOR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.25, 0.88), whereas overadequate weight gain was associated with residency (AOR: 5.22; 95% CI: 2.43, 11.22) and TSFP status (AOR: 2.22; 95% CI: 1.08, 4.57).

Conclusions: This study revealed a notable magnitude of both inadequate and overadequate weight gain. It found that good meal frequency, alcohol consumption, parity, and TSFP enrollment were associated with a reduced risk of inadequate weight gain during pregnancy. In addition, the study identified residence and TSFP enrollment as factors linked to overadequate weight gain during pregnancy.

Keywords: Ethiopia; Magnitude; pregnant women; prepregnancy BMI; weight gain adequacy.

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Figures

**FIGURE 1**
Maternal weight gain magnitude during pregnancy based on pre-pregnancy BMI in South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019 (n = 367).

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References

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1. Rasmussen K.M., Yaktine A.L., editors. Institute of Medicine (US) and National Research Council (US) Committee to Reexamine IOM Pregnancy Weight Guidelines. Weight Gain During Pregnancy: Reexamining the Guidelines. National Academies Press (US); Washington (DC): 2009. PMID: 20669500. - PubMed
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[1] Yesfu M.E. Module on food and nutrition for master’s in public health modular teaching for diploma program. University of Gondar. Department of Community Health press; Gondar: 2004.

[2] Yesfu M.E. Module on food and nutrition for master’s in public health modular teaching for diploma program. University of Gondar. Department of Community Health press; Gondar: 2004.

[3] Rasmussen K.M., Yaktine A.L., editors. Institute of Medicine (US) and National Research Council (US) Committee to Reexamine IOM Pregnancy Weight Guidelines. Weight Gain During Pregnancy: Reexamining the Guidelines. National Academies Press (US); Washington (DC): 2009. PMID: 20669500. - PubMed

[4] Rasmussen K.M., Yaktine A.L., editors. Institute of Medicine (US) and National Research Council (US) Committee to Reexamine IOM Pregnancy Weight Guidelines. Weight Gain During Pregnancy: Reexamining the Guidelines. National Academies Press (US); Washington (DC): 2009. PMID: 20669500. - PubMed

[5] Ethiopia demographic and health survey 2011 report. Central statistics agency (CSA)[Ethiopia] and ICF. Addis Ababa, and Rockville CSA and ICF. 2011.

[6] Ethiopia demographic and health survey 2011 report. Central statistics agency (CSA)[Ethiopia] and ICF. Addis Ababa, and Rockville CSA and ICF. 2011.

[7] Km B., Jima A., Sg A., Christian P., Stewart C.P., Pelto G.H., et al. Body mass index, gestational weight gain, and obstetric complications in Moroccan population. BMC Public Health. 2015;12(1):8–17.

[8] Km B., Jima A., Sg A., Christian P., Stewart C.P., Pelto G.H., et al. Body mass index, gestational weight gain, and obstetric complications in Moroccan population. BMC Public Health. 2015;12(1):8–17.

[9] Bharpoda N.Y., Leuva B.R., Patel U., Patel S.G., Srikranthi K.A. Study of the effect of maternal body mass index (BMI) on perinatal outcome. Int. Arch. Integr. Med. 2016;3(2):74–78.

[10] Bharpoda N.Y., Leuva B.R., Patel U., Patel S.G., Srikranthi K.A. Study of the effect of maternal body mass index (BMI) on perinatal outcome. Int. Arch. Integr. Med. 2016;3(2):74–78.

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Magnitude and Factors Associated with Gestational Weight Gain Adequacy among Pregnant Women in South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia

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Magnitude and Factors Associated with Gestational Weight Gain Adequacy among Pregnant Women in South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia

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