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Review
. 2023 Dec 28:18:8099-8112.
doi: 10.2147/IJN.S443716. eCollection 2023.

A Powerful Tool in the Treatment of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Natural and Nanoscale Modified Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Zhou Zhou #  1   2 , Xuan Zhang #  1 , Shuai Wang  1 , Xianliang Wang  1 , Jingyuan Mao  1
Affiliations
Review

A Powerful Tool in the Treatment of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Natural and Nanoscale Modified Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Zhou Zhou et al. Int J Nanomedicine. .

Abstract

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI) constitutes a pivotal determinant impacting the long-term prognosis of individuals afflicted by ischemic cardiomyopathy subsequent to reperfusion therapy. Stem cells have garnered extensive application within the realm of MI/RI investigation, yielding tangible outcomes. Stem cell therapy encounters certain challenges in its application owing to the complexities associated with stem cell acquisition, a diminished homing rate, and a brief in vivo lifespan. Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) originating from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to possess the benefits of abundant availability, reduced immunogenicity, and a diminished tumorigenic incidence. They can exert their effects on damaged organs, improving injuries by transporting a lot of constituents, including proteins, RNA, lipid droplets, and more. This phenomenon has garnered substantial attention in the context of MI/RI treatment. Simultaneously, MSC-derived sEV (MSC-sEV) can exhibit enhanced therapeutic advantages through bioengineering modifications, biomaterial incorporation, and natural drug interventions. Within this discourse, we shall appraise the utilization of MSC-sEV and their derivatives in the context of MI/RI treatment, aiming to offer valuable insights for future research endeavors related to MI/RI.

Keywords: mesenchymal stem cells; myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury; nanoscale modification; natural drug; small extracellular vesicles.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The regulation of natural MSC-sEV on multiple pathological pathways in MI/RI (By FigDraw).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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