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. 2023 Dec 5;15(12):e49968.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.49968. eCollection 2023 Dec.

Etiology, Classification, and Restorative Management of Amelogenesis Imperfecta Among Children and Young Adults: A Scoping Review

Saad S Bin Saleh  1
Affiliations

Etiology, Classification, and Restorative Management of Amelogenesis Imperfecta Among Children and Young Adults: A Scoping Review

Saad S Bin Saleh. Cureus. .

Abstract

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a rare genetic disorder affecting children and adults. Knowledge about AI is limited to clinical representation and radiographical findings. Various treatments are provided to children with AI, yet no definitive treatment guideline has been suggested in the literature. This scoping review highlights the knowledge of the etiology and classification of AI and synthesizes these findings in a comprehensive review, focusing mainly on the various forms of AI in children and management with a restorative conservative approach. Five electronic databases, namely, PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus, were searched for the relevant articles. The search was performed in two phases: first for title and abstract, and second for full-text articles. The studies included in this scoping review were published from 2013 to August 2023. The data extraction was done on a customized sheet. A total of 33 studies were included in this review, of which 19 were reports and series, seven were observational, and seven were reviews. Most patients included in this review suffered from the hypoplastic type of AI (54%), followed by hypomatured (36%), and hypocalcified (10%). The treatment modalities explained were divided into the following three phases: temporary, transient, and permanent. Almost all included reports suggested the requirement for guidelines for treating AI among young children. This scoping review suggests the need for guidelines for treating AI in children. Moreover, pediatric dentists should prioritize early diagnosis and treatment and long-term follow-up for AI in children to effectively enhance the patient's psychological well-being and overall quality of life.

Keywords: amelogenesis imperfecta; children; classification; etiology; genotype; phenotype; rare condition; restorative dentistry.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. PRISMA-ScR flowchart.
PRISMA-ScR: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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