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. 2024 Aug;33(8):2657-2668.
doi: 10.1007/s00787-023-02322-5. Epub 2024 Jan 5.

Factorial structure of the Internet Gaming Disorder questionnaire in the Italian setting: a single-factored ailment or a multifaceted condition?

Luca Milani  1 , Douglas A Gentile  2
Affiliations

Factorial structure of the Internet Gaming Disorder questionnaire in the Italian setting: a single-factored ailment or a multifaceted condition?

Luca Milani et al. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2024 Aug.

Abstract

Introduction: Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) according to DSM-5 is a behavioral addiction needing additional study. IGD in youth is correlated with anxiety, depression, attention problems, interpersonal problems, social phobia, behavior problems and low academic achievement. The aim of the present research is to contribute to the understanding of the disorder, by providing preliminary data on the factorial structure of the IGD Questionnaire in the Italian version.

Participants: 612 Italian students (323 females), mean of age = 13.94 (SD = 2.44). Instruments: a survey comprising IGD Questionnaire, Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Children's Coping Strategies Checklist (CCSC-R1), Assessment of Interpersonal Relations (AIR), and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL).

Results: 15.2% of participants showed a sub-clinical IGD and 2.1% met the full diagnostic criteria. Participants with IGD showed lower scores in interpersonal relationships, worse coping strategies and higher scores in externalization. The factorial structure of the IGD Questionnaire highlights 4 factors ("addiction", "gaming as coping", "impaired control" and "negative outcomes") that explain 52.14% of the variance. A single-factor solution was also tested and results seem to be coherent with the four-factor solution, explaining less variance.

Conclusions: IGD is a complex clinical condition that can be thought both as a single-factored and as a multi-faceted condition.

Keywords: Addiction; Anxiety; Depression; Internet Gaming Disorder; Videogames.

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