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Multicenter Study
. 2024 Jan 5;14(1):597.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-51118-9.

Comparison of mortality rates in patients with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales bacteremia according to carbapenemase production: a multicenter propensity-score matched study

Moon Seong Baek #  1 , Jong Ho Kim #  2   3 , Joung Ha Park  4 , Tae Wan Kim  1 , Hae In Jung  1 , Young Suk Kwon  5   6
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Comparison of mortality rates in patients with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales bacteremia according to carbapenemase production: a multicenter propensity-score matched study

Moon Seong Baek et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

The spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) poses a public health threat worldwide. We aimed to compare the mortality rates between the carbapenemase-producing (CP) and non-CP CRE bacteremia. We conducted a retrospective cohort study in patients with CRE bacteremia after propensity score (PS) matching. We performed a Kaplan-Meier curve analysis to identify the cumulative hazard for 30-day mortality. There were 318 patients with CRE between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022. There were 252 patients with CP-CRE and 66 with non-CP-RE, respectively. Before PS matching, the 30-day mortality rates were 40.9% in the non-CP-CRE group and 53.2% in the CP-CRE group (p = 0.097). In patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), the mortality rates were 49.0% in the non-CP-CRE group and 57.1% in the CP-CRE group (p = 0.340). After PS matching, the hazard ratio (HR) for mortality in the CP-CRE group was 1.49 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74-3.03), p = 0.266). In ICU patients, the HR of CP-CRE was 1.11 (95% CI 0.36-3.39, p = 0.860). The Kaplan-Meier curve for 30-day mortality showed no difference in cumulative hazard. After PS matching, there was no difference in 30-day mortality between patients with CP-CRE and non-CP-CRE bacteremia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of the study population. CRE, Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales; and CP, carbapenemase-producing.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The prevalence of CRE bacteremia by year (2018–2022). (A) The incidence of CP-CRE versus non-CP-CRE in the overall cohort. (B) The percentage of CP-CRE versus non-CP-CRE in the overall cohort. (C) The incidence of CP-CRE versus non-CP-CRE among ICU patients. (D) The percentage of CP-CRE versus non-CP-CRE among ICU patients. CRE, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales; CP, carbapenemase-producing; ICU, intensive care unit.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Kaplan–Meier curve analysis for 30-day mortality. (A) Overall cohort. (B) ICU patients. ICU, intensive care unit; CP, carbapenemase-producing; and CRE, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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