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Review
. 2024 Jan 6;24(1):13.
doi: 10.1186/s12935-024-03209-4.

Clinical applications and perspectives of circulating tumor DNA in gastric cancer

Jing-Han Li  1 , Dan-Ying Zhang  1 , Ji-Min Zhu  2 , Ling Dong  3
Affiliations
Review

Clinical applications and perspectives of circulating tumor DNA in gastric cancer

Jing-Han Li et al. Cancer Cell Int. .

Abstract

Gastric cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, largely due to inadequate screening methods, late diagnosis, and limited treatment options. Liquid biopsy has emerged as a promising non-invasive approach for cancer screening and prognosis by detecting circulating tumor components like circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in the blood. Numerous gastric cancer-specific ctDNA biomarkers have now been identified. CtDNA analysis provides insight into genetic and epigenetic alterations in tumors, holding promise for predicting treatment response and prognosis in gastric cancer patients. This review summarizes current research on ctDNA biology and detection technologies, while highlighting clinical applications of ctDNA for gastric cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and guiding treatment decisions. Current challenges and future perspectives for ctDNA analysis are also discussed.

Keywords: Biomarker; Circulating tumor DNA; Gastric cancer; Liquid biopsy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Clinical applications of liquid biopsy in gastric cancer. Liquid biopsy, including circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA), extracellular vesicle, and circulating tumor cell (CTC), has gained popularity as a valuable tool in clinical applications of gastric cancer
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Detection methods of ctDNA in gastric cancer. Quantitative and qualitative changes of ctDNA in plasma provide valuable information for cancer. Quantitative change refers to the total ctDNA level, while qualitative changes include ctDNA mutations and methylation changes
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
High-frequency genetic markers associated with gastric cancer and their involvement in key cellular pathways
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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