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. 2024 Mar:120:105991.
doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.105991. Epub 2024 Jan 4.

Oral diadochokinetic markers of X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism

Affiliations

Oral diadochokinetic markers of X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism

Tabitha H Kao et al. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2024 Mar.

Abstract

Introduction: X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP) is a neurodegenerative disorder that may result in severe speech impairment. The literature suggests that there are differences in the speech of individuals with XDP and healthy controls. This study aims to examine the motor speech characteristics of the mixed dystonia-parkinsonism phase of XDP.

Method: We extracted acoustic features representing coordination, consistency, speed, precision, and rate from 26 individuals with XDP and 26 controls using Praat, MATLAB, and R software. Group demographics were compared using descriptive statistics. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's post hoc test was used to test for acoustic differences between the two groups.

Results: The XDP group had significantly lower consistency, speed, precision, and rate than controls (p < 0.05). For coordination, the XDP group had a smaller ratio of pause duration during transitions when compared to controls.

Discussion: To our knowledge, this study is the first to describe the motor speech characteristics of the mixed dystonia-parkinsonism phase of XDP. The motor speech of mixed dystonia-parkinsonism XDP is similar to prior characterizations of mixed hyperkinetic-hypokinetic dysarthria with noted differences in articulatory coordination, consistency, speed, precision, and rate from healthy controls. Identifying the motor speech components of all three phenotypes of XDP (i.e., dystonia-dominant phase, parkinsonism-dominant phase, and mixed dystonia-parkinsonism phase) is needed to establish markers of speech impairment to track disease progression.

Keywords: Acoustic analysis; Mixed dystonia-parkinsonism phenotype; Motor speech; X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP).

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest This work was supported by the Massachusetts General Hospital Collaborative Center for X-linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Boston, MA; the National Institutes of Health (NIH)National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders [grant number K24DC0016312]; and the NIHNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [grant number K23NS123369]. The funding sources did not participate in the study design; data collection, analysis, and interpretation; report writing; or decision to submit the article for publication. The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest relevant to this work.

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