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Review
. 2024 Jan 8:26:e1.
doi: 10.1017/erm.2023.26.

Pharmacogenomic and epigenomic approaches to untangle the enigma of IL-10 blockade in oncology

Noha M Elemam  1   2 , Radwa Y Mekky  3 , Gowhar Rashid  4 , Maria Braoudaki  5 , Rana A Youness  6
Affiliations
Review

Pharmacogenomic and epigenomic approaches to untangle the enigma of IL-10 blockade in oncology

Noha M Elemam et al. Expert Rev Mol Med. .

Abstract

The host immune system status remains an unresolved mystery among several malignancies. An immune-compromised state or smart immune-surveillance tactics orchestrated by cancer cells are the primary cause of cancer invasion and metastasis. Taking a closer look at the tumour-immune microenvironment, a complex network and crosstalk between infiltrating immune cells and cancer cells mediated by cytokines, chemokines, exosomal mediators and shed ligands are present. Cytokines such as interleukins can influence all components of the tumour microenvironment (TME), consequently promoting or suppressing tumour invasion based on their secreting source. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an interlocked cytokine that has been associated with several types of malignancies and proved to have paradoxical effects. IL-10 has multiple functions on cellular and non-cellular components within the TME. In this review, the authors shed the light on the regulatory role of IL-10 in the TME of several malignant contexts. Moreover, detailed epigenomic and pharmacogenomic approaches for the regulation of IL-10 were presented and discussed.

Keywords: Cancer; Cytokines; IL-10; Interleukins; Non-coding RNAs; Pharmacogenomics; Tumour-microenvironment.

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Conflict of interest statement

None.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Snapshot of cellular and non-cellular components of the tumour microenvironment
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Paradoxical pro- and anti-tumour roles of IL-10 in oncology
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Epigenomic and pharmacogenomic regulation of IL-10 in oncology
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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