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Review
. 2023 Apr 9;37(1):18-21.
doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1762559. eCollection 2024 Jan.

Management of Dysplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Merrill Rubens  1 , Radhika Smith  2
Affiliations
Review

Management of Dysplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Merrill Rubens et al. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. .

Abstract

Given the chronic nature of mucosal inflammation present in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), there is a high risk of dysplastic lesions progressing to cancer, in addition to a high risk of synchronous and/or metachronous cancers developing in those diagnosed with dysplasia. Due to this, consensus guidelines recommend regular surveillance. When visible dysplasia is encountered, options include endoscopic or surgical resection depending on characteristics of the lesion. Advancements in endoscopic tools increasingly allow for endoscopic removal when appropriate. Invisible dysplasia discovered on random biopsy should prompt referral to physicians who specialize in IBD. While surgical resection with proctocolectomy significantly decreases the risk of colorectal cancer, the risk must be balanced against the morbidity of surgery and quality-of-life concerns. Management of dysplasia in IBD patients requires complex decision-making that requires balance of patient values and goals of care with cancer-related risk factors.

Keywords: Crohn's disease; colorectal cancer; dysplasia; inflammatory bowel disease; ulcerative colitis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest None declared.

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