Oral health and healthy ageing: a scoping review

Abstract

Background: Good oral health is an important part of healthy ageing, yet there is limited understanding regarding the status of oral health care for older people globally. This study reviewed evidence (policies, programs, and interventions) regarding oral health care for older people.

Methods: A systematic search of six databases for published and grey literature in the English language by the end of April 2022 was undertaken utilising Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework.

Results: The findings from oral health policy documents (n = 17) indicated a lack of priorities in national health policies regarding oral health care for older people. The most common oral health interventions reported in the published studies (n = 62) included educational sessions and practical demonstrations on oral care for older adults, nurses, and care providers. Other interventions included exercises of facial muscles and the tongue, massage of salivary glands, and application of chemical agents, such as topical fluoride.

Conclusion: There is currently a gap in information and research around effective oral health care treatments and programs in geriatric dental care. Efforts must be invested in developing guidelines to assist both dental and medical healthcare professionals in integrating good oral health as part of healthy ageing. Further research is warranted in assessing the effectiveness of interventions in improving the oral health status of the elderly and informing approaches to assist the integration of oral health into geriatric care.

Keywords: Aged; Dental care for aged; Health policy; Health status; Integrated health care systems; Mastication; Patient care team.

Fig. 1

Study selection process (PRISMA-ScR) [33]