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. 2024 Jan 2;13(1):152.
doi: 10.3390/foods13010152.

Silicon and Zinc Fertilizer Application Improves Grain Quality and Aroma in the japonica Rice Variety Nanjing 46

Xiaodong Wei  1 , Yadong Zhang  1 , Xuemei Song  1 , Ling Zhao  1 , Qingyong Zhao  1 , Tao Chen  1 , Kai Lu  1 , Zhen Zhu  1 , Shengdong Huang  1 , Cailin Wang  1
Affiliations

Silicon and Zinc Fertilizer Application Improves Grain Quality and Aroma in the japonica Rice Variety Nanjing 46

Xiaodong Wei et al. Foods. .

Abstract

This study examined how silicon and zinc fertilizers affect the quality and aroma of Nanjing 46. We applied nine different fertilizer treatments, one involving soil topdressing at the top fourth leaf-age stage and one involving foliar spraying during the booting stage of the silicon and zinc fertilizers. We tested the effects of the nine treatments on grain quality and aroma. Silicon and zinc fertilizers significantly affected the brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, amylose content, gel consistency, RVA characteristic value, taste value, and aroma but did not affect the chalky grain rate, chalkiness, protein content, rice appearance, hardness, stickiness, balance, peak time, or pasting temperature. Silicon fertilizer decreased the rate of brown rice and milled rice, whereas zinc fertilizer increased the rate of brown rice and milled rice. Silicon and zinc fertilizers improved the head rice rate. Compared to silicon fertilizer, the impact of zinc fertilizer on increasing the head rice rate was more pronounced. Although the effects of silicon and zinc fertilizers on the amylose content and RVA characteristic value varied depending on the treatment, their application could lower the amylose content, increase gel consistency, improve breakdown viscosity, decrease setback viscosity, increase aroma, and improve the taste value of rice.

Keywords: aroma; grain quality; rice; silicon; zinc fertilizer.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Effect of silicon and zinc fertilizer combinations on processing quality of Nanjing 46. The data in the figure are the average differences between treatments and CK. * and ** represent significant differences at 5% and 1%, respectively. One to eight indicate the Si-B, Si-L, Zn-B, Zn-L, Si-B + Si-L, Zn-B + Zn-L, Si-B + Zn-B, and Si-L + Zn-L treatments, respectively, compared to the control.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effects of silicon and zinc fertilizer combinations on the RVA profile of Nanjing 46. The data in the figure are the average differences between treatments and CK. * and ** represent significant differences at 5% and 1%, respectively. One to eight indicate the Si-B, Si-L, Zn-B, Zn-L, Si-B + Si-L, Zn-B + Zn-L, Si-B + Zn-B, and Si-L + Zn-L treatments, respectively, compared to the control.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effects of silicon and zinc fertilizers on eating quality and 2-AP content in Nanjing 46. The data in the figure are the average difference between treatments and CK, in which the content of 2-AP is expressed as a percentage difference. * and ** represent significant differences of 5% and 1%, respectively. One to eight indicate the Si-B, Si-L, Zn-B, Zn-L, Si-B + Si-L, Zn-B + Zn-L, Si-B + Zn-B, and Si-L + Zn-L treatments, respectively, compared to the control.
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