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. 2024 Jan 3;14(1):104.
doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14010104.

Radiological Features of Male Breast Neoplasms: How to Improve the Management of a Rare Disease

Luca Nicosia  1 , Luciano Mariano  1 , Anna Carla Bozzini  1 , Filippo Pesapane  1 , Vincenzo Bagnardi  2 , Samuele Frassoni  2 , Chiara Oriecuia  3   4 , Valeria Dominelli  1 , Antuono Latronico  1 , Simone Palma  5 , Massimo Venturini  6 , Federico Fontana  6 , Francesca Priolo  1 , Ida Abiuso  7 , Claudia Sangalli  8 , Enrico Cassano  1
Affiliations

Radiological Features of Male Breast Neoplasms: How to Improve the Management of a Rare Disease

Luca Nicosia et al. Diagnostics (Basel). .

Abstract

The primary aim of our study was to assess the main mammographic and ultrasonographic features of invasive male breast malignancies. The secondary aim was to evaluate whether a specific radiological presentation would be associated with a worse receptor profile. Radiological images (mammography and/or ultrasound) of all patients who underwent surgery for male invasive breast cancer in our institution between 2008 and 2023 were retrospectively analyzed by two breast radiologists in consensus. All significant features of radiological presentation known in the literature were re-evaluated. Fifty-six patients were selected. The mean age at surgery of patients was 69 years (range: 35-81); in 82% of cases (46 patients), the histologic outcome was invasive ductal carcinoma. A total of 28 out of 56 (50%) patients had preoperative mammography; in 9/28 cases (32%), we found a mass with microcalcifications on mammography. The mass presented high density in 25 out of 28 patients (89%); the mass showed irregular margins in 15/28 (54%) cases. A total of 46 out of 56 patients had preoperative ultrasounds. The lesion showed a solid mass in 41/46 (89%) cases. In 5/46 patients (11%), the lesion was a mass with a mixed (partly liquid-partly solid) structure. We did not find any statistically significant correlation between major types of radiological presentation and tumor receptor arrangement. Knowledge of the main radiologic presentation patterns of malignant male breast neoplasm can help better manage this type of disease, which is rare but whose incidence is increasing.

Keywords: breast ultrasound; male breast cancer; mammography.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart diagram of the study inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Disease-free survival (median FU (Q1–Q3) in years: 4.0 (1.1–7.0), N = 56).
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) (mediolateral oblique projection), (b) (cranio caudal projiection) 60-year-old man with a palpable mass of the upper sectors on the right breast (arrow).
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a) (mediolateral oblique projection), (b) (cranio caudal projiection 75-year-old man with a palpable mass on the right breast (arrow).
Figure 5
Figure 5
A 79-year-old man with a palpable mass on the right breast (arrow).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Typical differences between gynecomastia and breast neoplasm (primary differential diagnosis): (a) A 45-year-old patient with a retroareolar, palpable, and mobile right mass (arrow). (b) A 70-year-old patient with a solid mass (arrow) and left nipple retraction (arrowhead).
Figure 7
Figure 7
A 75-year-old man with a palpable lump and blood secretion of the right breast.
Figure 8
Figure 8
67-year-old man with a palpable mass of the right breast.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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  • Male breast cancer: a multicenter study to provide a guide for proper management.
    Lissidini G, Nicosia L, Sargenti M, Cucchi MC, Fabi A, Falco G, Gardani M, Grilz G, Maugeri I, Murgo R, Neri A, Pellini F, Sensi C, Scomersi S, Taffurelli M, Bagnardi V, Oriecuia C, Pagan E, Sangalli C, Dessena M, Veronesi P, Galimberti V. Lissidini G, et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2024 Nov;208(1):29-40. doi: 10.1007/s10549-024-07380-0. Epub 2024 Jun 19. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2024. PMID: 38896332

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