Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Dec 23;14(1):50.
doi: 10.3390/nano14010050.

Topography and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Thin Films Containing Iodide-Based Hybrid Perovskites

Agnieszka Marjanowska  1   2   3 , Houda El Karout  3   4 , Dominique Guichaoua  3 , Bouchta Sahraoui  3 , Przemysław Płóciennik  2   5 , Anna Zawadzka  1   2
Affiliations

Topography and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Thin Films Containing Iodide-Based Hybrid Perovskites

Agnieszka Marjanowska et al. Nanomaterials (Basel). .

Abstract

This article covers selected properties of organic-inorganic thin films of hybrid perovskites with the summary formulas CH3NH3MI3, where M = Pb, Cd, Ge, Sn, Zn. The paper discusses not only the history, general structure, applications of perovskites and the basics of the theory of nonlinear optics, but also the results of experimental research on their structural, spectroscopic, and nonlinear optical properties. The samples used in all presented studies were prepared in the physical vapor deposition process by using co-deposition from two independent thermal sources containing the organic and inorganic parts of individual perovskites. Ultimately, thin layers with a thickness of the order of nanometers were obtained on glass and crystalline substrates. Their structural properties were characterized by atomic force microscopy imaging. Spectroscopic tests were used to confirm the tested films' transmission quality and determine previously unknown physical parameters, such as the absorption coefficient and refractive index. Experimental results of the nonlinear optical properties were obtained by studying the second and third harmonic generation processes and using initial sample polarization in the so-called Corona poling process. The obtained experimental results allowed us to determine the second- and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of the tested materials.

Keywords: CH3NH3MI3 hybrid perovskite; atomic force microscopy; nonlinear optical effects; thin films; transmission.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) The ideal crystal structure of a perovskite, (b) changes in the perovskite crystal structure depending on their temperature.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The idea of the co-deposition process.
Figure 3
Figure 3
SHG and THG measuring system.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Typical harmonic measurement results for reference materials.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Corona poling technique scheme.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Normalized UV-Vis-NIR transmittance spectra of investigated perovskites with THG (355 nm) and SHG (532 nm) wavelengths.
Figure 7
Figure 7
AFM 3D images of perovskite thin films: CH3NH3PbI3, CH3NH3CdI3, CH3NH3ZnI3.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Minkowski functionals of the halide perovskite thin film: Minkowski Volume, Minkowski Boundary, Minkowski Connectivity.
Figure 9
Figure 9
SHG and THG measurement results of reference materials.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Graphical results of THG and SHG (after Corona poling) measurements of the tested perovskites.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Abu Baker A.M., Boltaev G.S., Iqbal M., Pylnev M., Hamdan N.M., Alnaser A.S. Giant Third-Order Nonlinear Response of Mixed Perovskite Nanocrystals. Materials. 2022;15:389. doi: 10.3390/ma15010389. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Wang G., Liu T., Wang B., Gu H., Wei Q., Zhang Z., He J., Li M., Xing G. Hot-carrier tunable abnormal nonlinear absorption conversion in quasi-2D perovskite. Nat. Commun. 2022;13:6935. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-34705-8. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Szwagierczak D. Wytwarzanie i Właściwości Nieferroelektrycznych Materiałów Perowskitowych o Bardzo Wysokiej Przenikalności Elektrycznej. Instytut Technologii Elektronowej; Warszawa, Poland: 2011.
    1. Whitfield P.S., Herron N., Guise W.E., Page K., Cheng Y.Q., Milas I., Crawford M.K. Structures, Phase Transitions and Tricritical Behavior of the Hybrid Perovskite Methyl Ammonium Lead Iodide. Sci. Rep. 2016;6:35685. doi: 10.1038/srep35685. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Fu Y., Zhu H., Chen J., Hautzinger M.P., Zhu X.-Y., Jin S. Metal halide perovskite nanostructures for optoelectronic applications and the study of physical properties. Nat. Rev. Mater. 2019;4:169–188. doi: 10.1038/s41578-019-0080-9. - DOI

LinkOut - more resources