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. 2023 Dec 31;29(1):228.
doi: 10.3390/molecules29010228.

Recovering Phosphate from Complex Wastewater Using Macroporous Cryogel Composited Calcium Silicate Hydrate Nanoparticles

Tarawee Taweekarn  1 , Worawit Wongniramaikul  1 , Pariyaporn Roop-O  1 , Wanchitra Towanlong  1 , Aree Choodum  1
Affiliations

Recovering Phosphate from Complex Wastewater Using Macroporous Cryogel Composited Calcium Silicate Hydrate Nanoparticles

Tarawee Taweekarn et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Since currently used natural, nonrenewable phosphorus resources are estimated to be depleted in the next 30-200 years, phosphorus recovery from any phosphorus-rich residues has attracted great interest. In this study, phosphorus recovery from complex wastewater samples was investigated using continuous adsorption on cryogel column composited calcium silicate hydrate nanoparticles (CSH columns). The results showed that 99.99% of phosphate was recovered from a synthetic water sample (50 mg L-1) using a 5 cm CSH column with a 5 mL min-1 influent flow rate for 6 h while 82.82% and 97.58% of phosphate were recovered from household laundry wastewater (1.84 mg L-1) and reverse osmosis concentrate (26.46 mg L-1), respectively. The adsorption capacity decreased with an increasing flow rate but increased with increasing initial concentration and column height, and the obtained experimental data were better fitted to the Yoon-Nelson model (R2 = 0.7723-0.9643) than to the Adams-Bohart model (R2 = 0.6320-0.8899). The adsorption performance of phosphate was decreased 3.65 times in the presence of carbonate ions at a similar concentration, whereas no effect was obtained from nitrate and sulfate. The results demonstrate the potential of continuous-flow phosphate adsorption on the CSH column for the recovery of phosphate from complex wastewater samples.

Keywords: calcium silicate hydrate; landry wastewater; phosphate recovery; phosphate removal; reverse osmosis concentrate; starch cryogel.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Field emission scanning electron micrographs of CSH column before phosphate adsorption with (a) 200× and (b) 20,000× magnifications.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Field emission scanning electron micrographs of CSH column after phosphate adsorption with (a) 20,000× and (b) 50,000× magnifications.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Fourier-transform infrared spectra of CSH column (a) before and (b) after phosphate adsorption.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Energy-dispersive X-ray spectra of CSH column before (a) and after (b) phosphate adsorption.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Effects of initial phosphate concentration in influent solution on phosphate adsorption breakthrough curve on 5.0 cm CSH column at 5 mL min−1 flow rate.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Effects of influent solution flow rate on phosphate adsorption: breakthrough curve on a 5.0 cm CSH column using a 50 mg L−1 phosphate standard solution.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Effects of CSH column height on phosphate adsorption breakthrough curve using a 50 mg L−1 phosphate standard solution at 5 mL min−1 flow rate.
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