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. 2024 Jan 4;29(1):263.
doi: 10.3390/molecules29010263.

Isolation and Purification of Protamine from the Cultured Takifugu flavidus and Its Physicochemical Properties

Shuji Liu  1 , Yue Zhang  2 , Yihui Chen  2 , Yongchang Su  1 , Bei Chen  1 , Yin Wang  1 , Min Xu  1 , Kun Qiao  1 , Shuigen Li  3 , Zhiyu Liu  1
Affiliations

Isolation and Purification of Protamine from the Cultured Takifugu flavidus and Its Physicochemical Properties

Shuji Liu et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Protamine is a cationic peptide derived from fish sperm and has several important functional properties: antibacterial properties, acting as a carrier for injectable insulin and as a heparin antagonist, combatting fatigue, etc. Thus, it has been widely used in medicinal applications and food products. Cultured Takifugu flavidus is a type of pufferfish with a delicious taste that is popular in China, and its production is increasing significantly. Therefore, protamine was extracted via acid extraction from the sperm of Takifugu flavidus and further isolated and purified via sephadex gel chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, and desalination chromatography. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties of protamine were investigated. The results showed that the sperm of the cultured T. flavidus were non-toxic, and the extracted and purified protamine had high contents of arginine (36.90%) and lysine (27.02%), respectively. The secondary structure of protamine was mainly β-folded and irregularly curled. Additionally, protamine exhibited high thermal stability with a denaturation temperature of 176 °C. This study would provide a theoretical basis for the structural analysis, bioactivity, and resource development of pufferfish protamine and help to promote the development of the pufferfish industry.

Keywords: cultured pufferfish; properties; protamine; purification.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The UV absorption spectrum of protamine from T. flavidus.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Glucose gel chromatography of protamine from T. flavidus.
Figure 3
Figure 3
CM Sepharose Fast Flow ion exchange chromatography of protamine from T. flavidus.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Desalination column chromatography of protamine from T. flavidus.
Figure 5
Figure 5
FTIR spectra of protamine from T. flavidus.
Figure 6
Figure 6
DSC absorption of protamine from T. flavidus.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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