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Review
. 2023 Dec 19;25(1):52.
doi: 10.3390/ijms25010052.

Nanostructures as the Substrate for Single-Molecule Magnet Deposition

Michał Adamek  1 , Oleksandr Pastukh  1 , Magdalena Laskowska  1 , Agnieszka Karczmarska  1 , Łukasz Laskowski  1
Affiliations
Review

Nanostructures as the Substrate for Single-Molecule Magnet Deposition

Michał Adamek et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Anchoringsingle-molecule magnets (SMMs) on the surface of nanostructures is gaining particular interest in the field of molecular magnetism. The accurate organization of SMMs on low-dimensional substrates enables controlled interactions and the possibility of individual molecules' manipulation, paving the route for a broad range of nanotechnological applications. In this comprehensive review article, the most studied types of SMMs are presented, and the quantum-mechanical origin of their magnetic behavior is described. The nanostructured matrices were grouped and characterized to outline to the reader their relevance for subsequent compounding with SMMs. Particular attention was paid to the fact that this process must be carried out in such a way as to preserve the initial functionality and properties of the molecules. Therefore, the work also includes a discussion of issues concerning both the methods of synthesis of the systems in question as well as advanced measurement techniques of the resulting complexes. A great deal of attention was also focused on the issue of surface-molecule interaction, which can affect the magnetic properties of SMMs, causing molecular crystal field distortion or magnetic anisotropy modification, which affects quantum tunneling or magnetic hysteresis, respectively. In our opinion, the analysis of the literature carried out in this way will greatly help the reader to design SMM-nanostructure systems.

Keywords: molecular engineering; molecular magnetism; nanostructures; nanotechnology; single-molecule magnets.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Representation of Mn12-ac molecule crystal structure (top view) (a), hysteresis loop measured at T = 2.0 K presenting characteristic steps at the resonance fields (b), and schematic representation of the energy level splitting for an ST = 10 ground state with the anisotropy barrier Δ/kB for spin reorientation (c). Grey arrows indicate thermally assisted (TA) and quantum tunneling (QTM) mechanisms of spin reversal.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Representation of Mn12-ac structure and its possible derivatives obtained through ligand-exchange reaction: Mn12-benzoate-ADC (a), Mn12–betHPF6 (b), Mn12-phn (c), and Mn12-stearate (d).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Representative examples of the crystal structure of SMMs favorable for surface deposition: Fe4 (a), Cr8F8 (b), and TbPc2 (c).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Types of nanostructured materials applied for SMMs deposition.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Examples of different methods for molecules attached to the surface: (a) chemisorption with an anchoring group of molecule (Fe4 SMM with organosulfur, H3thioctic ligands deposited on the Au), (b) chemisorption with anchoring group of substrate (Mn12-st molecule anchored to the silica with propyl-carbonic acid group), (c) physisorption of SMM to the surface (TbPc2 SMM adsorbed on MgO thin film), and (d) encapsulation into carbon nanostructure (TbPc2 SMM into SWCNT).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Methods of SMM/nanostructure composite characterisation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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