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Multicenter Study
. 2024 Jan 10;18(1):e13243.
doi: 10.1111/irv.13243. eCollection 2024 Jan.

Influenza vaccine effectiveness in Europe: Results from the 2022-2023 VEBIS (Vaccine Effectiveness, Burden and Impact Studies) primary care multicentre study

Marine Maurel  1 , Francisco Pozo  2   3 , Gloria Pérez-Gimeno  2   3 , Silke Buda  4 , Noémie Sève  5 , Beatrix Oroszi  6 , Mariette Hooiveld  7 , Verónica Gomez  8 , Lisa Domegan  9 , Iván Martínez-Baz  3   10 , Maja Ilić  11 , Anna Sara Carnahan  12 , Maria Elena Mihai  13 , Ana Martínez  14 , Luise Goerlitz  4 , Vincent Enouf  15 , Judit Krisztina Horváth  6 , Frederika Dijkstra  16 , Ana Paula Rodrigues  8 , Charlene Bennett  17 , Camino Trobajo-Sanmartín  3   10 , Ivan Mlinarić  11 , Neus Latorre-Margalef  12 , Alina Ivanciuc  13 , Aurora Lopez  18 , Ralf Dürrwald  19 , Alessandra Falchi  20 , Gergő Túri  6 , Adam Meijer  16 , Aryse Melo  8 , Joan O'Donnell  9 , Jesús Castilla  3   10 , Vesna Višekruna Vučina  11 , Tove Samuelsson Hagey  12 , Mihaela Lazar  13 , Marlena Kaczmarek  21 , Sabrina Bacci  21 , Esther Kissling  1 ; VEBIS study team
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Influenza vaccine effectiveness in Europe: Results from the 2022-2023 VEBIS (Vaccine Effectiveness, Burden and Impact Studies) primary care multicentre study

Marine Maurel et al. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. .

Abstract

Background: Influenza A(H3N2) viruses dominated early in the 2022-2023 influenza season in Europe, followed by higher circulation of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and B viruses. The VEBIS primary care network estimated the influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) using a multicentre test-negative study.

Materials and methods: Primary care practitioners collected information and specimens from patients consulting with acute respiratory infection. We measured VE against any influenza, influenza (sub)type and clade, by age group, by influenza vaccine target group and by time since vaccination, using logistic regression.

Results: We included 38 058 patients, of which 3786 were influenza A(H3N2), 1548 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and 3275 influenza B cases. Against influenza A(H3N2), VE was 36% (95% CI: 25-45) among all ages and ranged between 30% and 52% by age group and target group. VE against influenza A(H3N2) clade 2b was 38% (95% CI: 25-49). Overall, VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was 46% (95% CI: 35-56) and ranged between 29% and 59% by age group and target group. VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 clade 5a.2a was 56% (95% CI: 46-65) and 79% (95% CI: 64-88) against clade 5a.2a.1. VE against influenza B was 76% (95% CI: 70-81); overall, 84%, 72% and 71% were among 0-14-year-olds, 15-64-year-olds and those in the influenza vaccination target group, respectively. VE against influenza B with a position 197 mutation of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene was 79% (95% CI: 73-85) and 90% (95% CI: 85-94) without this mutation.

Conclusion: The 2022-2023 end-of-season results from the VEBIS network at primary care level showed high VE among children and against influenza B, with lower VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2).

Keywords: Europe; influenza; influenza vaccine; multicentre study; vaccine effectiveness.

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Conflict of interest statement

None.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Number of patients by case status and SARS‐CoV‐2 cases among influenza‐negative controls, by week of symptom onset, and numbers of vaccinated patients by week of vaccination, VEBIS primary care multicentre study, Europe, 2022–2023 influenza season.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Pooled seasonal vaccine effectiveness against any influenza, influenza A, A(H3N2), A(H1N1)pdm09 and B overall, by age group and among the influenza vaccination target group. VEBIS primary care multicentre study, Europe, influenza season 2022–2023.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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