Effect of a High-Sensitivity Troponin I and Associated Diagnostic Protocol on Emergency Department Length of Stay: A Retrospective Cohort Study
- PMID: 38204856
- PMCID: PMC10774082
- DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2023.09.007
Effect of a High-Sensitivity Troponin I and Associated Diagnostic Protocol on Emergency Department Length of Stay: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to assess the introduction of a high-sensitivity troponin I (hs-TnI) assay and its associated accelerated protocol on emergency department (ED) length of stay (LOS) for patients presenting with chest pain, compared to an accelerated diagnostic protocol using conventional troponin (TnI) testing.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all adults with a primary presenting complaint of chest pain of cardiac origin and a Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale score of 2 or 3, between November 8, 2019 and November 9, 2021, to a tertiary-care urban Canadian ED. The primary outcome was ED LOS. Secondary outcomes included consultation proportions and major adverse cardiac events within 30 days of the index ED visit.
Results: A total of 2640 patients presenting with chest pain were included, with 1333 in the TnI group and 1307 in the hs-TnI group. Median ED LOS decreased significantly, from 392 minutes for the TnI group, and 371 minutes for the hs-TnI group (median difference = 21 minutes; 95% confidence interval: 5.3, 36.7). The numbers of consultations and admissions were not statistically different between study periods. The major adverse cardiac events outcomes did not change following the implementation of the hs-TnI test (13.6% vs 13.1%; P = 0.71).
Conclusions: The implementation of an accelerated chest pain protocol using an hs-TnI assay in a tertiary-care Canadian ED was associated with a modest reduction of LOS for all patients, and a substantial reduction of LOS for patients undergoing serial troponin testing. This strategy was safe, with no increase in adverse outcomes.
Contexte: Cette étude visait à évaluer l’introduction du dosage de la troponine I de haute sensibilité (hs-TnI) et le protocole accéléré qui lui est associé sur la durée des séjours aux urgences dans le cas des patients qui consultent pour une douleur thoracique, comparativement à un protocole diagnostique accéléré faisant appel à un test de troponine classique (TnI).
Méthodologie: Nous avons mené une étude de cohorte rétrospective portant sur tous les adultes qui se sont présentés aux urgences d’un établissement urbain de soins tertiaires canadien entre le 8 novembre 2019 et le 9 novembre 2021 principalement pour une douleur thoracique d’origine cardiaque et dont le score était de 2 ou 3 à l’Échelle canadienne de triage et de gravité (ETG). Le principal critère d’évaluation était la durée du séjour au service des urgences. Les critères d’évaluation secondaires comprenaient la fréquence des consultations et les événements cardiaques indésirables majeurs dans les 30 jours ayant suivi la visite de référence aux urgences.
Résultats: Au total, 2640 patients qui s’étaient présentés aux urgences pour une douleur thoracique ont été inclus, 1333 se trouvant dans le groupe TnI et 1307 dans le groupe hs-TnI. La durée médiane du séjour aux urgences a diminué considérablement, passant de 392 minutes dans le groupe TnI à 371 minutes dans le groupe hs-TnI (différence médiane de 21 minutes; intervalle de confiance [IC] à 95 % : 5,3-36,7). Les consultations et les admissions n’ont pas affiché de différence statistique entre les périodes de l’étude. Les événements cardiaques indésirables majeurs n’ont pas varié après l’introduction du dosage de la hs-TnI (13,6 % vs 13,1 %; p = 0,71).
Conclusions: L’adoption d’un protocole accéléré pour la douleur thoracique à l’aide du dosage de la hs-TnI au service des urgences d’un établissement de soins tertiaires canadien a été associée à une légère réduction de la durée du séjour pour l’ensemble des patients et à une réduction substantielle de cette durée pour les patients soumis à des analyses de la troponine en série. De plus, cette stratégie était sûre sans hausse des événements indésirables.
© 2023 The Authors.
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