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. 2024 Jan 2:2024:6684677.
doi: 10.1155/2024/6684677. eCollection 2024.

Study on the Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes in Patients with Erosive Gastritis Based on Metabolomics

Zhang Shixiong  1 , Liu Shaowei  2 , Yang Zeqi  2 , Xu Miaochan  2 , Zhou Pingping  3 , Bai Haiyan  3 , Lv Jingjing  3 , Wang Yangang  4
Affiliations

Study on the Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes in Patients with Erosive Gastritis Based on Metabolomics

Zhang Shixiong et al. Int J Anal Chem. .

Abstract

According to traditional Chinese medicine theory, tongue coatings reflect changes in the body. The goal of this study was to identify a metabolite or a set of metabolites capable of classifying characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in erosive gastritis. In this study, we collected tongue coatings of patients with erosive gastritis with damp-heat syndrome (DHS), liver depression and qi stagnation syndrome (LDQSS), and healthy volunteers. Then, we analyzed the differences in metabolic characteristics between the two groups based on metabolomics. We identified 14 potential biomarkers related to the DHS group, and six metabolic pathways were enriched. The differential pathways included pyrimidine metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), pyruvate metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and purine metabolism. Similarly, in the LDQSS group, we identified 25 potential biomarkers and 18 metabolic pathways were enriched. The top five pathways were the TCA cycle, sphingolipid metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway. In conclusion, the DHS group and the LDQSS group have different characteristics.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Experimental procedure.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Typical photographs taken from the patients with (a) DHS and (b) LDQSS.
Figure 3
Figure 3
OPLS-DA analysis of metabolomics data between the DHS group and the control group. (a) Comparison between the two groups in the positive ion mode. (b) Permutation test results in the positive ion mode. (c) Comparison between the two groups in the negative ion mode. (d) Permutation test results in the negative ion mode. The DHS group is represented by green dots, and the control group is represented by blue dots.
Figure 4
Figure 4
OPLS-DA analysis of metabolomics data between the LDQSS group and the control group. (a) Comparison between the two groups in the positive ion mode. (b) Permutation test results in the positive ion mode. (c) Comparison between the two groups in the negative ion mode. (d) Permutation test results in the negative ion mode. The LDQSS group is represented by green dots, and the control group is represented by blue dots.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Results of volcano plot. (a) Between the DHS group and the control group in the positive ion mode. (b) Between the DHS group and the control group in the negative ion mode. (c) Between the LDQSS group and the control group in the positive ion mode. (d) Between the LDQSS group and the control group in the positive ion mode.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Results of cluster analysis. (a) Between the DHS group and the control group in the positive ion mode. (b) Between the DHS group and the control group in the negative ion mode. (c) Between the LDQSS group and the control group in the positive ion mode. (d) Between the LDQSS group and the control group in the positive ion mode.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Results of ROC curve analysis. (a) Between the DHS group and the control group in the positive ion mode. (b) Plot of the most important features of a selected model ranked from most to least important between the DHS group and the control group in the positive ion mode. (c) Between the DHS group and the control group in the negative ion mode. (d) Plot of the most important features of a selected model ranked from most to least important between the DHS group and the control group in the negative ion mode. (e) Between the LDQSS group and the control group in the positive ion mode. (f) Plot of the most important features of a selected model ranked from most to least important between the LDQSS group and the control group in the positive ion mode. (g) Between the LDQSS group and the control group in the negative ion mode. (h) Plot of the most important features of a selected model ranked from most to least important between the LDQSS group and the control group in the negative ion mode.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Results of KEGG analysis. (a) Between the DHS group and the control group. (b) Between the LDQSS group and the control group.
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