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. 2024 Jan 12;14(1):1228.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-51321-2.

Novel high-efficient adsorbent based on modified gelatin/montmorillonite nanocomposite for removal of malachite green dye

Mahmoud H Abu Elella  1 , Nema Aamer  2 , Heba M Abdallah  3 , Eduardo A López-Maldonado  4 , Yasser M A Mohamed  5 , Hossam A El Nazer  5 , Riham R Mohamed  2
Affiliations

Novel high-efficient adsorbent based on modified gelatin/montmorillonite nanocomposite for removal of malachite green dye

Mahmoud H Abu Elella et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Shortage of drinking water has gained potential interest over the last few decades. Discharged industrial effluent, including various toxic pollutants, to water surfaces is one of the most serious environmental issues. The adsorption technique has become a widely studied method for the removal of toxic pollutants, specifically synthetic dyes, from wastewater due to its cost-effectiveness, high selectivity, and ease of operation. In this study, a novel gelatin-crosslinked-poly(acrylamide-co-itaconic acid)/montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay nanocomposites-based adsorbent has been prepared for removing malachite green (MG) dye from an aqueous solution. Modified gelatin nanocomposites were synthesized using a free-radical polymerization technique in the presence and absence of MMT. Various analytical instrumentation: including FTIR, FESEM, XRD, and TEM techniques were used to elucidate the chemical structure and surface morphology of the prepared samples. Using a batch adsorption experiment, Langmuir isotherm model showed that the prepared modified gelatin nanocomposite had a maximum adsorption capacity of 950.5 mg/g using 350 mg/L of MG dye at pH 9 within 45 min. Furthermore, the regeneration study showed good recyclability for the obtained nanocomposite through four consecutive reusable cycles. Therefore, the fabricated gelatin nanocomposite is an attractive adsorbent for MG dye elimination from aqueous solutions.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic illustration of the preparation of gelatin-cl-poly (AAM-co-IA)/MMT nanocomposites via free radical polymerization technique.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) FTIR spectrums and (b) XDR patterns for unmodified gelatin, hydrogel, MMT, and 1% to 5% MMT/hydrogel nanocomposites.
Figure 3
Figure 3
FESEM images of gelatin, modified gelatin hydrogel, MMT, and 1–5%MMT/hydrogel nanocomposites.
Figure 4
Figure 4
TEM images of (a) MMT nanoclay, and (b) gelatin/MMT (5%) nanocomposites.
Figure 5
Figure 5
TGA thermogram of gelatin, modified gelatin hydrogel, MMT, and 1–5%MMT/hydrogel nanocomposites.
Figure 6
Figure 6
The influence of (a) MMT and (b) MG concentrations, (c) pH, and (d) polymer dose, as well as (e) adsorption time on MG removal by gelatin-cl-p(AAM-co-IA) /MMT nanocomposite (the standard deviation SD for three measurements for all factors is between ± 1 and ± 2).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Fitting curves of linear adsorption isotherms with Langmuir model, Freundlich model, and Temkin model for removal of MG dye using modified gelatin nanocomposite.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Fitting curves of linear pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, second-order, and Weber–Morris models for MG rejection using modified gelatin nanocomposite.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Physicochemical characterization of 3% MMT nanocomposite and MG loaded-3% MMT nanocomposite: FTIR spectrum (a), SEM images-EDX (b) and XRD pattern (c).
Figure 10
Figure 10
Schematic illustration of the proposed adsorption mechanism of MG dye with modified gelatin nanocomposite.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Schematic diagram of regeneration study within four consecutive reusable cycles.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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