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Review
. 2024 Mar 10:915:169947.
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169947. Epub 2024 Jan 12.

Association of lightning with LCL, EL, humidity at 850 mb and at 200 mb during various CAPE, over northern India

Deen Mani Lal  1 , Nandivada Umakanth  2 , Manoj Arjun Domkawale  2 , Venkatachalam Gopalakrishnan  2 , Manoj Kumar Srivastava  3 , Sunil Dnyandeo Pawar  2
Affiliations
Review

Association of lightning with LCL, EL, humidity at 850 mb and at 200 mb during various CAPE, over northern India

Deen Mani Lal et al. Sci Total Environ. .

Abstract

Association of lightning with Lifting Condensation Level (LCL), Equilibrium Level (EL), K Index, and humidity at 850 mb and 200 mb in 2019 and 2020 over National Capital Region (Delhi) (Lat: 27°N -29°N, Lon: 76°E-78°E) is investigated using in-situ observation data. Study shows high lightning activity during low LCL, and vice versa. This high lighting and low LCL is associated with high relative humidity at 850 mb, and high "K" index. Low LCL and high relative humidity (low dew point depression) at 850 mb helps in generating super cell thunderstorms with spinning/tornado updraft. It is seen that asymmetric LCL height and relative humidity at 850 mb is the prime causes for uneven seasonal lightning in 2019 and 2020 over the region, despite more or less same seasonal aerosol and relative humidity. Anvil clouds behave uneven with time, despite, unanimous cloud top glaciation.

Keywords: EL; K index; LCL; Lightning; North India; Relative humidity.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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