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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Jan 15;24(1):90.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-023-08930-5.

First global report about the prevalence of multi-drug resistant Haemophilus influenzae: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Mohammad Abavisani  1 , Masoud Keikha  2 , Mohsen Karbalaei  3
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

First global report about the prevalence of multi-drug resistant Haemophilus influenzae: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Mohammad Abavisani et al. BMC Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: In recent decades, the prevalence of antibiotic resistance is increasing in Haemophilus influenzae (Haemophilus influenzae), which poses important challenges to global health. This research offers a comprehensive meta-analysis of the global epidemiology of multi-drug resistant (MDR) H. influenzae.

Methods: In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis based on PRISMA checklist. Electronic databases including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were reviewed using keywords related to H. influenzae and antibiotic resistance. Eligible studies were selected based on stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, data from these studies were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software.

Results: Of 375 retrieved articles, 16 met the inclusion criteria. These studies were conducted from 2003 to 2023 and analyzed data from 19,787 clinical isolates of H. influenzae. The results showed different levels of resistance of H. influenzae to different antibiotics: ampicillin (36%), azithromycin (15.3%), ceftriaxone (1.4%), etc. The global prevalence for beta-lactamases producing H. influenzae and MDR H. influenzae was measured 34.9% and 23.1%, respectively. The prevalence rate of MDR H. influenzae was higher in Asian countries (24.6%) compared to Western regions (15.7%). MDR H. influenzae had the highest prevalence in meningitis cases (46.9%) and the lowest prevalence in acute otitis media (0.5%).

Conclusions: The prevalence of MDR H. influenzae has been increasing worldwide, especially in Asian regions. This highlights the urgent need for monitoring and implementation of effective antibiotic stewardship programs globally.

Keywords: Beta-lactamase; Drug resistance; Haemophilus influenzae; Meta-analysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow-diagram of study selection process
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Forest plot of meta-analysis on the prevalence of beta-lactamases producing H. influenzae and multidrug resistant H. influenzae
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Funnel plot depicting publication bias of studies reporting the prevalence MDR H. influenzae
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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