Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2023 Sep 28;38(5):e544.
doi: 10.5001/omj.2023.111. eCollection 2023 Sep.

Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health Among Healthcare Workers in India: A Mixed-methods Systematic Review

Edlin Glane Mathias  1 , D S Anupama  2 , Tenzin Phagdol  3 , Baby S Nayak  3 , Ravishankar Nagaraja  4 , Kelly Dickson  5 , Mukdarut Bangpan  5 , Gopichandran Lakshmanan  6 , Preethy D'Souza  5
Affiliations
Review

Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health Among Healthcare Workers in India: A Mixed-methods Systematic Review

Edlin Glane Mathias et al. Oman Med J. .

Abstract

Healthcare workers (HCWs) experienced significant mental health challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. This review aimed to comprehensively assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of HCWs in India. We conducted a mixed-methods systematic review, which adopts a results-based convergent approach that incorporates quantitative and qualitative data. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in relevant databases: PubMed-Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, and ProQuest. All available full-text studies in the English language that assessed the mental health outcomes (anxiety, stress, and depression) of HCWs during the pandemic and published until 28 February 2022 were included. A total of 31 studies were included in this review (27 quantitative studies, three qualitative studies, and one mixed-method study). The pooled prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among HCWs in India was 32.96%, 29.49%, and 33.47%, respectively. Integration of quantitative and qualitative findings using social determinants of health framework resulted in various contributing factors and coping strategies. There is a need for a supportive work environment, mental health support, and mental health policies for HCWs in India.

Keywords: Anxiety; COVID-19 Pandemic; Depression; Healthcare Workers; India; Mental Health; Stress.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study selection process.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pooled prevalence of depression.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Pooled prevalence of anxiety.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Pooled prevalence of stress.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta Biomed 2020. Mar;91(1):157-160. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Aly HM, Nemr NA, Kishk RM, Elsaid NM. Stress, anxiety and depression among healthcare workers facing COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt: a cross-sectional online-based study. BMJ Open 2021. Apr;11(4):e045281. 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045281 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Spilchuk V, Arrandale VH, Armstrong J. Potential risk factors associated with COVID-19 in health care workers. Occup Med (Lond) 2022. Jan;72(1):35-42. 10.1093/occmed/kqab148 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Badahdah A, Khamis F, Al Mahyijari N, Al Balushi M, Al Hatmi H, Al Salmi I, et al. The mental health of health care workers in Oman during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2021. Feb;67(1):90-95. 10.1177/0020764020939596 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Hossain MM, Rahman M, Trisha NF, Tasnim S, Nuzhath T, Hasan NT, et al. Prevalence of anxiety and depression in South Asia during COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2021. Apr;7(4):e06677. 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06677 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources